Name the following compounds. (a) \(\mathrm{HBrO}_{3}\) (b) KIO (c) \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{NaBrO}_{4}\)

(a) \(\mathrm{HBrO}_{3}\) has hydrogen (H), bromine (Br), and oxygen (O) elements. (b) KIO has potassium (K), iodine (I), and oxygen (O) elements. (c) \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{2}\) has sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), and oxygen (O) elements. (d) \(\mathrm{NaBrO}_{4}\) has sodium (Na), bromine (Br), and oxygen (O) elements.

Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. All compounds involving alkali metals (group 1 in the periodic table) or alkaline earth metals (group 2) are ionic. (a) \(\mathrm{HBrO}_{3}\) is not ionic because hydrogen is not a metal, so it is a covalent compound. (b) KIO is ionic because potassium (K) is an alkali metal (Group 1). (c) \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{2}\) is ionic because sodium (Na) is an alkali metal (Group 1). (d) \(\mathrm{NaBrO}_{4}\) is ionic because sodium (Na) is an alkali metal (Group 1).

Ionic compounds are named by writing the name of the metal first followed by the name of the non-metal(s), which often end in "ate" or "ite", depending on the number of oxygens. (a) \(\mathrm{HBrO}_{3}\): Hydrogen, bromine, and oxygen form a covalent compound, which is named as "bromate" (metal component), so the name is "hydrogen bromate". (b) KIO: In KIO, potassium is the metal part, and iodine with oxygen forms the "iodate" anion, so the compound name is "potassium iodate". (c) \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{2}\): In \(\mathrm{NaClO}_{2}\), sodium is the metal part, and chlorine with oxygen forms the "chlorite" anion, so the compound name is "sodium chlorite". (d) \(\mathrm{NaBrO}_{4}\): In \(\mathrm{NaBrO}_{4}\), sodium is the metal part, and bromine with oxygen forms the "perbromate" anion, so the compound name is "sodium perbromate".