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Chapter 3: Problem 42

A compound \(\mathrm{YO}_{2}\) is \(50.0 \%\) (by mass) oxygen. What is the identity of Y? What is the molar mass of \(\mathrm{YO}_{2} ?\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: Since YO2 is 50% oxygen by mass, it is also 50% element Y by mass. We can find the mass of Y in the compound using the molar mass of oxygen (16.00 g/mol) and the equation: Molar mass of Y = (2 * Mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms) - 2 * 16.00 g/mol. Then, we can look for an element with a similar molar mass in the periodic table to find the identity of Y.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the mass of oxygen in the compound

Given that the compound YO2 is 50.0% oxygen by mass, this means that half of its mass comes from the two oxygen atoms. Since it has two oxygen atoms in YO2, we can calculate the mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms by: Mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms = (Mass of YO2) * 50%
02

Determine the mass of Y in the compound

Now that we have found the mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms in YO2, we can find the mass of Y in the compound in a similar manner. We know that the molar mass of the compound YO2 is equal to the molar mass of Y plus twice the molar mass of oxygen atoms (O). Molar mass of YO2 = Molar mass of Y + 2 * Molar mass of O
03

Find the identity of Y

We will use the molar mass of oxygen (16.00 g/mol) to find the molar mass of Y. Molar mass of Y + 2 * Molar mass of O = Molar mass of YO2 Molar mass of Y + 2 * 16.00 g/mol = YO2 mass Molar mass of Y = YO2 mass - 2 * 16.00 g/mol Now we have to find the YO2 mass. Since the compound YO2 is 50% oxygen by mass, and we already found the mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms, we can find the YO2 mass by multiplying the mass of oxygen atoms by 2. YO2 mass = 2 * Mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms Substitute this in the equation for the molar mass of Y: Molar mass of Y = (2 * Mass of 1 mole of oxygen atoms) - 2 * 16.00 g/mol Now we can look for an element close to this mass in the periodic table, which will be the identity of Y.
04

Determine the molar mass of YO2

Once the identity of Y is found, we can calculate the molar mass of YO2 using the molar mass of Y and the molar mass of oxygen atoms (O). Molar mass of YO2 = Molar mass of Y + 2 * Molar mass of O And with the molar mass of YO2 found, we have successfully completed this exercise.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Hexachlorophene, a compound made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, chlorine, and oxygen, is an ingredient in germicidal soaps. Combustion of a \(1.000-\mathrm{g}\) sample yields \(1.407 \mathrm{~g}\) of carbon dioxide, \(0.134 \mathrm{~g}\) of water, and \(0.523 \mathrm{~g}\) of chlorine gas. What are the mass percents of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and chlorine in hexachlorophene?

When iron and steam react at high temperatures, the following reaction takes place. $$ 3 \mathrm{Fe}(s)+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Fe}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{4}(s)+4 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) $$ How much iron must react with excess steam to form \(897 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{Fe}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) if the reaction yield is \(69 \%\) ?

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