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Chapter 3: Problem 44

Nickel reacts with sulfur to form a sulfide. If \(2.986 \mathrm{~g}\) of nickel reacts with enough sulfur to form \(5.433\) g of nickel sulfide, what is the simplest formula of the sulfide? Name the sulfide.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The simplest formula of the nickel sulfide compound is Ni₂S₃ and its name is Nickel(III) sulfide.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate moles of each element

Given the mass of nickel and nickel sulfide, we can determine the moles of nickel and sulfur in the compound by using their respective molar masses. The molar mass of nickel (Ni) is approximately 58.69 g/mol. Moles of Ni = \(\frac{2.986 \mathrm{~g}}{58.69 \mathrm{~g/mol}}\) = 0.0509 mol Now, we can find the mass of sulfur in the compound: Mass of S = Mass of nickel sulfide - Mass of nickel = 5.433 g - 2.986 g = 2.447 g The molar mass of sulfur (S) is approximately 32.06 g/mol. Moles of S = \(\frac{2.447 \mathrm{~g}}{32.06 \mathrm{~g/mol}}\) = 0.0763 mol
02

Determine mole ratio

Now we have the moles of nickel and sulfur in the sulfide compound. To find the simplest whole number ratio, we can divide both values by the smallest number of moles (in this case, moles of nickel). Mole ratio = \(\frac{0.0509 \mathrm{mol \: Ni}}{0.0509 \mathrm{mol \: Ni}}\) : \(\frac{0.0763 \mathrm{mol \: S}}{0.0509 \mathrm{mol \: Ni}}\) = 1:1.50 Since we want the simplest whole number ratio, we will multiply the mole ratio by 2: Simplified mole ratio = 2:3
03

Determine the simplest formula

Based on the mole ratio calculated in Step 2, the simplest formula of the nickel sulfide compound will have 2 nickel atoms and 3 sulfur atoms. Simplest formula: Ni\(_2\)S\(_3\)
04

Name the sulfide

Finally, let's name the sulfide according to the rules of naming chemical compounds. The compound is made up of nickel(Ni) and sulfur(S). The name of the compound will be: Nickel(III) sulfide So, the simplest formula of the sulfide is Ni\(_2\)S\(_3\) and its name is Nickel(III) sulfide.

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