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Chapter 4: Problem 85

Using squares to represent atoms of one element (or cations) and circles to represent the atoms of the other element (or anions), represent the principal species in the following pictorially. (You may represent the hydroxide anion as a single circle.) (a) a solution of \(\mathrm{HCl}\) (b) a solution of HF (c) a solution of \(\mathrm{KOH}\) (d) a solution of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Represent the principal species in each of the following solutions using squares for one element or cation and circles for the other element or anion: a) HCl, b) HF, c) KOH, d) HNO₂. Answer: a) HCl solution: (□)(∘), b) HF solution: (□F)(∘), c) KOH solution: (□)(∘), d) HNO₂ solution: (□NO₂)(∘)

Step by step solution

01

Identify the principal species in HCl solution

In a solution of HCl, it dissociates into H⁺ (cation) and Cl⁻ (anion). So, the principal species are H⁺ and Cl⁻.
02

Represent the principal species using symbols

We will use squares to represent H⁺ (cation), and circles to represent Cl⁻ (anion). HCl solution: (□)(∘) #b) Representing a solution of HF#
03

Identify the principal species in HF solution

In a solution of HF, it weakly dissociates into H⁺ (cation) and F⁻ (anion). The principal species are HF, H⁺, and F⁻.
04

Represent the principal species using symbols

We will use squares to represent H⁺ (cation), and circles to represent F⁻ (anion). HF solution: (□F)(∘) #c) Representing a solution of KOH#
05

Identify the principal species in KOH solution

In a solution of KOH, it dissociates into K⁺(cation) and OH⁻ (anion). The principal species are K⁺ and OH⁻.
06

Represent the principal species using symbols

We will use squares to represent K⁺(cation), and circles to represent OH⁻ (anion). KOH solution: (□)(∘) #d) Representing a solution of HNO₂#
07

Identify the principal species in HNO₂ solution

In a solution of HNO₂, it weakly dissociates into H⁺ (cation) and NO₂⁻ (anion). The principal species are HNO₂, H⁺, and NO₂⁻.
08

Represent the principal species using symbols

We will use squares to represent H⁺ (cation), and circles to represent NO₂⁻ (anion). HNO₂ solution: (□NO₂)(∘)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write a balanced net ionic equation for each of the following acidbase reactions in water. (a) nitrous acid and barium hydroxide (b) potassium hydroxide and hydrofluoric acid (c) aniline \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}_{2}\right)\) and perchloric acid

Consider the following generic equation $$ \mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{HB}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{B}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} $$ For which of the following pairs would this be the correct prototype equation for the acid-base reaction in solution? If it is not correct, write the proper equation for the acid-base reaction between the pair. (a) hydrochloric acid and pyridine, \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{~N}\) (b) sulfuric acid and rubidium hydroxide (c) potassium hydroxide and hydrofluoric acid (d) ammonia and hydriodic acid (e) strontium hydroxide and hydrocyanic acid

For each unbalanced equation given below- write unbalanced half-reactions. identify the species oxidized and the species reduced. Id identify the oxidizing and reducing agents. (a) \(\mathrm{Ag}(s)+\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ag}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{NO}(g)\) (b) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\)

The average adult has about \(16 \mathrm{~g}\) of sodium ions in her blood. Assuming a total blood volume of \(5.0 \mathrm{~L}\), what is the molarity of \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) ions in blood?

A capsule of vitamin \(\mathrm{C}\), a weak acid, is analyzed by titrating it with \(0.425 M\) sodium hydroxide. It is found that \(6.20 \mathrm{~mL}\) of base is required to react with a capsule weighing \(0.628 \mathrm{~g}\). What is the percentage of vitamin \(\mathrm{C}\) \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{6}\right)\) in the capsule? (One mole of vitamin \(\mathrm{C}\) reacts with one mole of hydroxide ion.)
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