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Mobile App Chapter 7: Problem 36
Predict the geometry of the following species: (a) \(\mathrm{CIF}_{2}^{-}\) (b) \(\mathrm{SeF}_{5} \mathrm{Br}\) (c) \(\mathrm{SO}_{3}{ }^{2-}\) (d) \(\mathrm{BrO}_{2}^{-}\)
Short Answer
Expert verified
Question: Predict the molecular geometry of each of the following chemical species: (a) CIF2-, (b) SeF5Br, (c) SO32-, (d) BrO2-.
Answer: (a) Trigonal pyramidal, (b) Octahedral, (c) Trigonal pyramidal, (d) Bent (V-shaped)
Step by step solution
01
Determine the central atom
Here, the central atom is the Carbon (C) atom.
02
Identify electron pairs around the central atom
Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons, Iodine (I) has 7 valence electrons, and Fluorine (F) has 7 valence electrons. The negative charge accounts for one extra electron, so we have a total of 19 electrons.
03
Calculate the number of electron pair domains around the central atom
There are 3 atoms bonded to the carbon (one Iodine and two Fluorines), making three bonding pairs, and one lone pair of electrons on the Carbon. Therefore, there are a total of 4 electron pair domains.
04
Predict the molecular geometry
With 4 electron pair domains (3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair), the molecular geometry of CIF2- is trigonal pyramidal.
For (b) SeF5Br:
05
Determine the central atom
In this case, the central atom is Selenium (Se).
06
Identify electron pairs around the central atom
Selenium (Se) has 6 valence electrons, Bromine (Br) has 7 valence electrons, and each Fluorine (F) has 7 valence electrons, giving a total of 41 electrons.
07
Calculate the number of electron pair domains around the central atom
There are 6 atoms bonded to the central Selenium atom resulting in 6 bonding pairs of electrons. Selenium has no lone pairs around it, giving a total of 6 electron pair domains.
08
Predict the molecular geometry
With 6 electron pair domains (6 bonding pairs and no lone pairs), the molecular geometry of SeF5Br is octahedral.
For (c) SO32-:
09
Determine the central atom
In this case, the central atom is Sulfur (S).
10
Identify electron pairs around the central atom
Sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons and each Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons. Since the ion carries a 2- charge, we must add 2 extra electrons, giving a total of 26 electrons.
11
Calculate the number of electron pair domains around the central atom
There are 3 atoms bonded to the central Sulfur atom which gives 3 bonding pairs of electrons. Sulfur has one lone pair, which gives us a total of 4 electron pair domains.
12
Predict the molecular geometry
With 4 electron pair domains (3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair), the molecular geometry of SO32- is trigonal pyramidal.
For (d) BrO2-:
13
Determine the central atom
In this case, the central atom is Bromine (Br).
14
Identify electron pairs around the central atom
Bromine (Br) has 7 valence electrons, and each Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons. Due to the negative charge, we must add 1 more electron, giving a total of 20 electrons.
15
Calculate the number of electron pair domains around the central atom
There are 2 atoms bonded to the central Bromine atom, accounting for 2 bonding pairs of electrons. Bromine also has 3 lone pairs, giving a total of 5 electron pair domains.
16
Predict the molecular geometry
With 5 electron pair domains (2 bonding pairs and 3 lone pairs), the molecular geometry of BrO2- is bent, or V-shaped.
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