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Chapter 1: Problem 18

Read the following description of the element zinc and indicate which are physical properties and which are chemical properties. Zinc is a silver-gray- colored metal that melts at \(420^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). When zinc granules are added to dilute sulfuric acid, hydrogen is given off and the metal dissolves. Zinc has a hardness on the Mohs scale of 2.5 and a density of \(7.13 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). It reacts slowly with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form zinc oxide, \(\mathrm{ZnO}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
Physical properties of Zinc: 1. Melting point: \(420^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\) 2. Hardness on Mohs Scale: 2.5 3. Density: \(7.13 \frac{g}{cm^3}\) at \(25^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\) Chemical properties of Zinc: 1. Reaction with dilute sulfuric acid to produce hydrogen gas 2. Reacts with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form Zinc Oxide (ZnO)

Step by step solution

01

1. Melting Point

The given melting point of Zinc is \(420^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\). Melting points are physical properties; we can determine this property without changing the chemical composition of Zinc.
02

2. Reaction with Sulfuric Acid

Zinc reacting with dilute sulfuric acid to produce hydrogen gas is a chemical reaction. The zinc is dissolving and changing its chemical composition, which indicates that this is a chemical property.
03

3. Hardness on the Mohs Scale

The hardness of Zinc (2.5 on the Mohs scale) can be observed without changing the chemical composition of the substance. This makes it a physical property.
04

4. Density

Density is a physical property because it can be determined without changing the substance's chemical composition. The density of Zinc is given as \(7.13 \frac{g}{cm^3}\) at \(25^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\).
05

5. Reaction with Oxygen

The reaction of Zinc with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is a change in its chemical composition. It is forming a new compound, Zinc Oxide, so this is a chemical property. Here we provide the physical properties and chemical properties of Zinc as required: Physical properties of Zinc: 1. Melting point: \(420^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\) 2. Hardness on Mohs Scale: 2.5 3. Density: \(7.13 \frac{g}{cm^3}\) at \(25^{\circ}\mathrm{C}\) Chemical properties of Zinc: 1. Reaction with dilute sulfuric acid to produce hydrogen gas 2. Reacts with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form Zinc Oxide (ZnO)

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