Suggest a method of separating each of the following mixtures into two components: (a) sugar and sand, (b) oil and vinegar.

: One method to separate a mixture of sugar and sand is to use their different solubilities in water. 1. Add water to the mixture: Pour water into the mixture of sugar and sand. The sugar will dissolve in the water, while the sand will not. 2. Stir the mixture: Stir the mixture to ensure that the sugar dissolves completely. 3. Filtration: Use a filter paper and funnel to separate the sand from the solution of sugar and water. The sand will remain on the filter paper, while the sugar solution will pass through it to be collected in a container. 4. Evaporation (optional): To obtain solid sugar, carefully heat the sugar solution until the water evaporates, leaving the sugar crystals behind.

: To separate a mixture of oil and vinegar, one can use their different densities and immiscibility. 1. Allow the mixture to settle: Leave the oil and vinegar mixture undisturbed for a while. Since oil is less dense than vinegar, it will float on top of the vinegar. 2. Decantation: Carefully pour the top layer of oil into another container. The oil can be separated from the vinegar by doing this slowly and not disturbing the boundary between the liquids too much. 3. Optional - Use of a Separatory Funnel: A more precise way to separate the oil and vinegar layers is to use a separatory funnel, which has a stopcock at the bottom. Pour the mixture into the separatory funnel and let the layers separate. Then, carefully open the stopcock to drain the lower vinegar layer until only the oil layer remains in the funnel. These separation methods should separate the given mixtures into their respective components.