Learning Materials
Features
Discover
Chapter 13: Problem 56
Commercial concentrated aqueous ammonia is \(28 \% \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) by mass and has a density of \(0.90 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}\). What is the molarity of this solution?
Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!
All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.
Get started for free
Which of the following in each pair is likely to be more soluble in hexane, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{14}:\) (a) \(\mathrm{CCl}_{4}\) or \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\); (b) benzene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right)\) or glycerol, \(\mathrm{CH}_{2}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH} ;\) (c) octanoic acid, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COOH},\) or acetic acid, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}\) ? Explain your answer in each case.
Breathing air that contains \(4.0 \%\) by volume \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) over time causes rapid breathing, throbbing headache, and nausea, among other symptoms. What is the concentration of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) in such air in terms of (a) mol percentage, (b) molarity, assuming 1 atm pressure and a body temperature of \(37{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\)
How many grams of ethylene glycol \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)\) must be added to \(1.00 \mathrm{~kg}\) of water to produce a solution that freezes at \(-5.00^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\)
The following table presents the solubilities of several gases in water at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) under a total pressure of gas and water vapor of 1 atm. (a) What volume of \(\mathrm{CH}_{4}(g)\) under standard conditions of temperature and pressure is contained in \(4.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of a saturated solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) (b) Explain the variation in solubility among the hydrocarbons listed (the first three compounds), based on their molecular structures and intermolecular forces. (c) Compare the solubilities of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{~N}_{2}\), and \(\mathrm{NO},\) and account for the variations based on molecular structures and intermolecular forces. (d) Account for the much larger values observed for \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S}\) and \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) as compared with the other gases listed. (e) Find several pairs of substances with the same or nearly the same molecular masses (for example, \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) and \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) ), and use intermolecular interactions to explain the differences in their solubilities. $$ \begin{array}{lc} \hline \text { Gas } & \text { Solubility }(\mathrm{m} M) \\ \hline \mathrm{CH}_{4}(\text { methane }) & 1.3 \\ \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6} \text { (ethane) } & 1.8 \\ \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4} \text { (ethylene) } & 4.7 \\ \mathrm{~N}_{2} & 0.6 \\ \mathrm{O}_{2} & 1.2 \\ \mathrm{NO} & 1.9 \\ \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S} & 99 \\ \mathrm{SO}_{2} & 1476 \end{array} $$
Ibuprofen, widely used as a pain reliever, has a limited solubility in water, less than \(1 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{mL}\). Which feature of the molecule contributes to its low solubility in water, and which feature contributes to its solubility?
What do you think about this solution?
We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.
Explanations 
Textbooks 
Exams 
GCSE 
IGCSE 
AS 
A Level 
International A Level 
University Admissions Tests 
Flashcards 
Vaia AI 
Notes 
Study Plans 
Study Sets 
Find a job 
Find a degree 
Student Deals 
Magazine 
Mobile App