When \(2.00 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{SO}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is placed in a \(2.00-\mathrm{L}\) flask at \(303 \mathrm{~K}\), \(56 \%\) of the \(\mathrm{SO}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) decomposes to \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) : $$\mathrm{SO}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g)$$ (a) Calculate \(K_{c}\) for this reaction at this temperature. (b) Calculate \(K_{p}\) for this reaction at \(303 \mathrm{~K}\). (c) Repeat these calculations for \(2.00 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{SO}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) in a \(15.00-\mathrm{L}\) vessel at \(303 \mathrm{~K}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
For given $2.00\,\text{mol}$ of $\text{SO}_{2}\text{Cl}_{2}$ in a $2.00\,\text{L}$ flask, at equilibrium: $[\text{SO}_{2}] = [\text{Cl}_{2}] = (0.56 \times 2.00)\frac{\text{mol}}{2.00\,\text{L}}$ $[\text{SO}_{2}\text{Cl}_{2}] = (2.00 - 0.56 \times 2.00)\frac{\text{mol}}{2.00\,\text{L}}$ Kc can be found using the expression: $K_c = \frac{[\text{SO}_{2}][\text{Cl}_{2}]}{[\text{SO}_{2}\text{Cl}_{2}]}\approx 1.42$ Kp can be found using the expression: $K_p = K_c(RT)^n \approx 3.32 \,\text{atm}$ For the given $2.00\,\text{mol}$ of $\text{SO}_{2}\text{Cl}_{2}$ in a $15.00\,\text{L}$ vessel, at equilibrium: $[\text{SO}_{2}] = [\text{Cl}_{2}] = (0.56 \times 2.00)\frac{\text{mol}}{15.00\,\text{L}}$ $[\text{SO}_{2}\text{Cl}_{2}] = (2.00 - 0.56 \times 2.00)\frac{\text{mol}}{15.00\,\text{L}}$ Kc can be found using the expression: $K_c = \frac{[\text{SO}_{2}][\text{Cl}_{2}]}{[\text{SO}_{2}\text{Cl}_{2}]}\approx 0.602$ Kp can be found using the expression: $K_p = K_c(RT)^n \approx 1.40 \,\text{atm}$

Step by step solution

01

Calculate Initial Concentrations and Change in Concentration

The initial concentration of SO₂Cl₂ can be calculated using the formula: \[c = \frac{n}{V}\] where c is concentration, n is number of moles, and V is volume. For the reaction, let x be the concentration of SO₂Cl₂ that will decompose. At equilibrium, we will have: \[ SO₂Cl₂ : 2.00\frac{mol}{2.00L} - x \] \[ SO₂ : x \] \[ Cl₂ : x \] As given, 56% of SO₂Cl₂ decomposes: x = \( 0.56 \times 2.00\frac{mol}{2.00L} \)
02

Calculate Equilibrium Concentrations

Now that we have x, we will find the concentration of each species at equilibrium: \[ SO₂Cl₂ : 2.00\frac{mol}{2.00L} - x = (2.00 - 0.56 \times (2.00))\frac{mol}{2.00L}\] \[ SO₂ : x = (0.56 \times 2.00)\frac{mol}{2.00L}\] \[ Cl₂ : x = (0.56 \times 2.00)\frac{mol}{2.00L}\]
03

Calculate Kc

Now, we can use the concentrations to find the Kc: \[ K_c = \frac{[SO₂][Cl₂]}{[SO₂Cl₂]} = \frac{(0.56 \times 2.00)(0.56 \times 2.00)}{(2.00 - 0.56 \times 2.00)}\] (b) Calculate the Kp
04

Relate Kc to Kp

First, we need to find the relationship between Kc and Kp using the expression: \[ K_p = K_c(RT)^n \] where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature, and n is the change in the number of moles of gaseous products and reactants. Here, n = (1 + 1) - 1 = 1 R = 0.0821 \(L \cdot atm \cdot K^{-1} \cdot mol^{-1}\) T = 303 K Now, we can calculate Kp using the value of Kc we calculated. (c) Kc and Kp for 2.00 mol of SO₂Cl₂ in a 15.00-L vessel:
05

Repeat the Process for Different Volume

Follow the same process for Step 1 to Step 4, replacing the V in step 1 with 15L. Remember to update the calculation of change in concentration (x) and equilibrium concentrations before calculating the Kc, and Kp for the new volume.

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