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Chapter 2: Problem 103

Give the chemical names of each of the following familiar compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) (table salt), (b) \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) (baking soda), (c) \(\mathrm{NaOCl}\) (in many bleaches), (d) \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) (caustic soda), (e) \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) (smelling salts), (f) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) (plaster of Paris).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The chemical names of the compounds are: (a) Sodium Chloride, (b) Sodium Bicarbonate, (c) Sodium Hypochlorite, (d) Sodium Hydroxide, (e) Ammonium Carbonate, and (f) Calcium Sulfate.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Identify and name the compound for NaCl

NaCl has two elements: Na (sodium) and Cl (chlorine). In a compound, the latter element's name ends with "-ide," so we have chloride. Therefore, the chemical name for NaCl is Sodium Chloride.
02

(b) Identify and name the compound for NaHCO₃

NaHCO₃ contains four elements: Na (sodium), H (hydrogen), C (carbon), and O (oxygen). Since Na is bonded with HCO₃, the latter follows a polyatomic ion naming convention. HCO₃ is bicarbonate, so the chemical name of NaHCO₃ is Sodium Bicarbonate.
03

(c) Identify and name the compound for NaOCl

NaOCl has three elements: Na (sodium), O (oxygen), and Cl (chlorine). The compound consists of a polyatomic ion made up of O and Cl, called hypochlorite. Thus, the chemical name for NaOCl is Sodium Hypochlorite.
04

(d) Identify and name the compound for NaOH

NaOH has three elements: Na (sodium), O (oxygen), and H (hydrogen). The OH group, called hydroxide, is a polyatomic ion. The chemical name for NaOH is Sodium Hydroxide.
05

(e) Identify and name the compound for (NH₄)₂CO₃

(NH₄)₂CO₃ has three combined elements: NH₄ (ammonium) occurs twice, and CO₃ (carbonate) occurs once. The chemical name should take account of the two ammonium compounds. The chemical name for (NH₄)₂CO₃ is Ammonium Carbonate.
06

(f) Identify and name the compound for CaSO₄

CaSO₄ has three elements: Ca (calcium), S (sulfur), and O (oxygen). The sulfate molecule (SO₄) is a polyatomic ion. The chemical name for CaSO₄ is Calcium Sulfate.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An atom of rhodium (Rh) has a diameter of about \(2.7 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{~cm}\). (a) What is the radius of a rhodium atom in angstroms \((\AA)\) and in meters \((\mathrm{m}) ?(\mathbf{b})\) How many \(\mathrm{Rh}\) atoms would have to be placed side by side to span a distance of \(6.0 \mu \mathrm{m} ?\) (c) If you assume that the \(\mathrm{Rh}\) atom is a sphere, what is the volume in \(\mathrm{m}^{3}\) of a single atom?

The element lead (Pb) consists of four naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses 203.97302,205.97444,206.97587 , and 207.97663 amu. The relative abundances of these four isotopes are 1.4,24.1,22.1 , and \(52.4 \%\), respectively. From these data, calculate the atomic weight of lead.

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