\(\begin{array}{lllll}\text { Sketch all the possible } & \text { stereoisomers } & \text { of }\end{array}\) (a) \(\left[\mathrm{Rh}(\text { bipy })(o \text { -phen })_{2}\right]^{3+}\), (b) \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3}(\text { bipy }) \mathrm{Br}\right]^{2+},\) (c) square-planar \(\left[\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{en})(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The possible stereoisomers for the given complexes are: (a) \(\left[\mathrm{Rh}(\text { bipy })(o \text { -phen })_{2}\right]^{3+}\): 1. cis - both o-phen ligands are adjacent to each other, and bipy is opposite to one of them. 2. trans - both o-phen ligands are opposite to each other. (b) \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3}(\text { bipy })\mathrm{Br}\right]^{2+}\): 1. fac - the three ammine ligands are in a facial arrangement. 2. mer - the three ammine ligands are in a meridional arrangement. (c) square-planar \(\left[\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{en})(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]\): 1. cis - both cyanide ligands are adjacent to each other. 2. trans - both cyanide ligands are opposite to each other.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Identify the ligands and geometry for \(\left[\mathrm{Rh}(\text { bipy })(o \text { -phen })_{2}\right]^{3+}\)

To start, we must identify the ligands and geometry. Bipyridine (bipy) is a bidentate ligand, and ortho-phenanthroline (o-phen) is also a bidentate ligand. Thus, the complex has two bidentate ligands: bipy and two o-phen molecules. The Rhodium center is octahedral with a coordination number of 6.
02

(a) Determine the possible isomeric forms for \(\left[\mathrm{Rh}(\text { bipy })(o \text { -phen })_{2}\right]^{3+}\)

In this complex, all bidentate ligands form a ring. Rings are able to exhibit atropisomerism, a type of stereoisomerism resulting from restricted rotation around a single bond. However, in this case, the presence of the two different ligands on Rhodium distinguishes the stereoisomers. We can recognize that the isomers formed will be cis- and trans-isomers. The complex will have two stereoisomers: 1. cis - both o-phen ligands are adjacent to each other, and bipy is opposite to one of them. 2. trans - both o-phen ligands are opposite to each other.
03

(b) Identify the ligands and geometry for \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3}(\text { bipy })\mathrm{Br}\right]^{2+}\)

The complex contains three ammine (NH3), one bipyridine (bipy), and one bromide (Br) ligands. The cobalt center is octahedral with a coordination number of 6.
04

(b) Determine the possible isomeric forms for \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3}(\text { bipy })\mathrm{Br}\right]^{2+}\)

In this case, due to the presence of the different ligands in the complex, we can identify facial (fac) and meridional (mer) isomers: 1. fac - the three ammine ligands are in a facial arrangement. 2. mer - the three ammine ligands are in a meridional arrangement.
05

(c) Identify the ligands and geometry for square-planar \(\left[\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{en})(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]\)

The complex contains one ethylenediamine (en) and two cyanide (CN) ligands. The geometry is given as square-planar, meaning the coordination number of the palladium center is 4.
06

(c) Determine the possible isomeric forms for square-planar \(\left[\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{en})(\mathrm{CN})_{2}\right]\)

In this case, we can identify cis- and trans-isomers due to the presence of the two different ligands: 1. cis - both cyanide ligands are adjacent to each other. 2. trans - both cyanide ligands are opposite to each other.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Polydentate ligands can vary in the number of coordination positions they occupy. In each of the following, identify the polydentate ligand present and indicate the probable number of coordination positions it occupies: (a) \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{4}(o\) -phen \()\right] \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\) (b) \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{4}\right] \mathrm{Br}\) (c) \(\left[\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{EDTA})\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)\right]^{-}\) (d) \(\left[\mathrm{Zn}(\mathrm{en})_{2}\right]\left(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}\right)_{2}\)

Explain the lanthanide contraction, and describe how it affects the properties of the transition-metal elements.

The molecule dimethylphosphinoethane \(\left[\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{PCH}_{2}^{-}\right.\) \(\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{P}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2},\) which is abbreviated dmpe \(]\) is used as a ligand for some complexes that serve as catalysts. A complex that contains this ligand is \(\mathrm{Mo}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}(\) dmpe \() .\) (a) Draw the Lewis structure for dmpe, and compare it with ethylenediammine as a coordinating ligand. (b) What is the oxidation state of Mo in \(\mathrm{Na}_{2}\left[\mathrm{Mo}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}(\mathrm{CO})_{2}(\) dmpe \()\right] ?(\mathrm{c})\) Sketch the structure of the \(\left[\mathrm{Mo}(\mathrm{CN})_{2}(\mathrm{CO})_{2}(\mathrm{dmpe})\right]^{2-}\) ion, including all the pos- sible isomers.

Explain the difference between a diamagnetic substance and a paramagnetic substance.

The complex \(\left[\mathrm{Mn}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{6}\right]^{2+}\) contains five unpaired electrons. Sketch the energy-level diagram for the \(d\) orbitals, and indicate the placement of electrons for this complex ion. Is the ion a high-spin or a low-spin complex?

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