Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 24: Problem 18

Give the name or condensed structural formula, as appropriate: (a) 3 -phenylpentane (b) 2,3 - dimethythexane (c) 2 -ethyl-2-methylhepane (d) CCCCCCCCCC(C)C(C)C (e) CC1CCC1

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) The condensed structural formula for 3-phenylpentane is: C6H5-C3H7 (b) The condensed structural formula for 2,3-dimethylhexane is: CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 (c) The condensed structural formula for 2-ethyl-2-methylheptane is: CH3C(CH3)(C2H5)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 (d) The compound name is 4-ethyl-4-methyldecane and its condensed structural formula is CH3CH2CH2C(C2H5)(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 (e) The compound name is methylcyclobutane and its condensed structural formula is CH3C1(CH2)CC1

Step by step solution

01

(a) 3-phenylpentane

1. Identify the main carbon chain: The "pentane" part of the name refers to a chain of 5 carbon atoms with single bonds between them. 2. Identify the substituent: The "3-phenyl" part of the name refers to a phenyl group attached to the 3rd carbon of the pentane chain. A phenyl group is a benzene ring (a 6-carbon ring with alternating single and double bonds) with one hydrogen atom replaced by a bond to another carbon. 3. Draw the structure: Connect the phenyl group to the 3rd carbon of the pentane chain. The condensed structural formula for 3-phenylpentane is: C6H5-C3H7
02

(b) 2,3-dimethylhexane

1. Identify the main carbon chain: The "hexane" part of the name refers to a chain of 6 carbon atoms. 2. Identify the substituents: The "2,3-dimethyl" part of the name refers to two methyl groups (CH3) attached to the 2nd and 3rd carbons of the hexane chain. 3. Draw the structure: Attach the two methyl groups to the 2nd and 3rd carbons of the hexane chain. The condensed structural formula for 2,3-dimethylhexane is: CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3
03

(c) 2-ethyl-2-methylheptane

1. Identify the main carbon chain: The "heptane" part of the name refers to a chain of 7 carbon atoms. 2. Identify the substituents: The "2-ethyl" part of the name refers to an ethyl group (C2H5) attached to the 2nd carbon of the heptane chain. The "2-methyl" part of the name refers to a methyl group (CH3) also attached to the 2nd carbon of the heptane chain. 3. Draw the structure: Attach both the ethyl and methyl groups to the 2nd carbon of the heptane chain. The condensed structural formula for 2-ethyl-2-methylheptane is: CH3C(CH3)(C2H5)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
04

(d) CCCCCCCCCC(C)C(C)C (SMILES code)

1. Decode the SMILES code: The code shows a carbon chain of 10 C atoms, followed by a branched structure of three C atoms connected by single bonds. One of them is bonded to the 10th carbon of the first chain. 2. Examine the branches: One branch has only 1 carbon - a methyl group - and the other branch has 2 carbons - an ethyl group. The structure, then, seems to have a methyl and ethyl group as substituents. 3. Name the branching point: Count the carbons from the end opposite to the branching point. Then we'll find that the ethyl and methyl groups are attached to the 4th carbon. The name of this compound is 4-ethyl-4-methyldecane with a condensed structural formula of: CH3CH2CH2C(C2H5)(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
05

(e) CC1CCC1 (SMILES code)

1. Decode the SMILES code: The code shows a 5-carbon ring, with one of the carbon atoms directly bonded to a methyl group (CH3). 2. Identify the functional groups: There are no functional groups to name, but the substitution of a methyl group on the ring must be specified. 3. Name the compound: Since there's only one substituent group, we don't need to specify their positions. The compound is formed by 4 carbons in a ring (cyclobutane) and a methyl group attached to one of the carbons. The name of this compound is methylcyclobutane with a condensed structural formula of: CH3C1(CH2)CC1

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Monosaccharides can be categorized in terms of the number of carbon atoms (pentoses have five carbons and hexoses have six carbons) and according to whether they contain an aldehyde (aldo- prefix, as in aldopentose) or ketone group (keto- prefix, as in ketopentose). Classify glucose and fructose in this way.

Can a DNA strand bind to a complementary RNA strand? Explain.

Aldehydes and ketones can be named in a systematic way by counting the number of carbon atoms (including the carbonyl carbon) that they contain. The name of the aldehyde or ketone is based on the hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atoms. The ending \(-a l\) for aldehyde or -one for ketone is added as appropriate. Draw the structural formulas for the following aldehydes or ketones: (a) propanal, (b) 2-pentanone, (c) 3 -methyl-2-butanone, (d) 2 -methylbutanal.

(a) Give the empirical formula and structural formula for a cyclic ether containing four carbon atoms in the ring. (b) Write the structural formula for a straight-chain compound that is a structural isomer of your answer to part (a).

What are the characteristic hybrid orbitals employed by (a) carbon in an alkane, (b) carbon in a double bond in an alkene, (c) carbon in the benzene ring, (d) carbon in a triple bond in an alkyne?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free