Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 24: Problem 57

Draw the structure for 2 -bromo- 2 -chloro- 3 -methylpentane, and indicate any chiral carbons in the molecule.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structure of 2-bromo-2-chloro-3-methylpentane is \( CH_3 - CH^*(CH_3)(Br)(Cl) - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_3 \), where the chiral carbon (C2) is indicated with an asterisk (*). C2 is chiral because it has four different groups attached: a hydrogen atom, a bromo group, a chloro group, and a carbon chain.

Step by step solution

01

Parent chain identification

To start, identify the longest carbon chain in the molecule. For 2-bromo-2-chloro-3-methylpentane, pentane is the parent chain, which has five carbon atoms. They are numbered from left to right: C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5.
02

Adding substituents

Add the substituents to the parent chain based on the positions mentioned in the name. - At the 2nd carbon (C2), add a bromo group and a chloro group. - At the 3rd carbon (C3), add a methyl group. The structure after adding the substituents is as follows: \( CH_3 - CH(CH_3)(Br)(Cl) - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_3 \)
03

Identifying chiral carbons

Lastly, identify any chiral carbons in the structure. A chiral carbon is one that has four different groups or atoms attached to it. In this case, C2 is the chiral carbon. It has four different groups attached: a hydrogen atom, a bromo group, a chloro group, and a carbon chain. The final structure with the chiral carbon indicated by an asterisk (*): \( CH_3 - CH^*(CH_3)(Br)(Cl) - CH_2 - CH_2 - CH_3 \) In summary, the structure of 2-bromo-2-chloro-3-methylpentane consists of a pentane chain with a bromo and chloro group on C2 and a methyl group on C3. The chiral carbon is C2, which has four different groups attached to it.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Name or write the condensed structural formula for the following compounds: (a) 4 -methyl-2-pentene (b) cis-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexene (c) ortho-dimethylbenzene (d) \(\mathrm{HC} \equiv \mathrm{CCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\) (e) trans-CH \(_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{3}\)

Can a DNA strand bind to a complementary RNA strand? Explain.

Adenine and guanine are members of a class of molecules known as purines; they have two rings in their structure. Thymine and cytosine, on the other hand, are pyrimidines, and have only one ring in their structure. Predict which have larger dispersion forces in aqueous solution, the purines or the pyrimidines.

(a) Describe the primary, secondary, and tertiary structures of proteins. (b) Quaternary structures of proteins arise if two or more smaller polypeptides or proteins associate with each other to make an overall much larger protein structure. The association is due to the same hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, and dispersion forces we have seen before. Hemoglobin, the protein used to transport oxygen molecules in our blood, is an example of a protein that has quaternary structure. Hemoglobin is a tetramer; it is made of four smaller polypeptides, two "alphas" and two "betas." (These names do not imply anything about the number of alpha-helices or beta sheets in the individual polypeptides.) What kind of experiments would provide sound evidence that hemoglobin exists as a tetramer and not as one enormous polypeptide chain? You may need to look into the chemical literature to discover techniques that chemists and biochemists use to make these decisions.

The monoanion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is an intermediate in phosphate metabolism:where \(A=\) adenosine. If the \(\mathrm{p} K_{a}\) for this anion is \(7.21,\) what is the ratio of \(\left[\mathrm{AMP}-\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) to \(\left[\mathrm{AMP}-\mathrm{O}^{2-}\right]\) in blood at \(\mathrm{pH} 7.4 ?\)
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free