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Chapter 4: Problem 28

Three solutions are mixed together to form a single solution. One contains \(0.2 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~Pb}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COO}\right)_{2},\) the second contains \(0.1 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{~S},\) and the third contains \(0.1 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\). (a) Write the net ionic equations for the precipitation reaction or reactions that occur. (b) What are the spectator ions in the solution?

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. The net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction is: \(Pb^{2+}(aq) + 2Cl^-(aq) \rightarrow PbCl_2(s)\) b. The spectator ions are \(Na^+\), \(S^{2-}\), \(Ca^{2+}\), and \(CH_3COO^-\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify possible precipitation reactions

Based on the solubility rules: - All sodium salts are soluble, so no precipitate will be formed with Na₂S. - Most acetates are soluble, so no precipitate will be formed with Pb(CH₃COO)₂ - Most chlorides are soluble, but exceptions include silver, lead, and mercury. CaCl₂ might form a precipitate with Pb(CH₃COO)₂. Since Pb(CH₃COO)₂ and CaCl₂ may form an insoluble compound, we'll investigate the possible precipitation reaction between them.
02

Write the balanced equation for the possible reaction

The balanced equation for the reaction between Pb(CH₃COO)₂ and CaCl₂ is: Pb(CH₃COO)₂(aq) + CaCl₂(aq) -> PbCl₂(s) + Ca(CH₃COO)₂(aq)
03

Identify the insoluble compound

According to the solubility rules, PbCl₂ is insoluble. Thus, the precipitation reaction occurs as follows: Pb(CH₃COO)₂(aq) + CaCl₂(aq) -> PbCl₂(s) + Ca(CH₃COO)₂(aq)
04

Write the net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction

The net ionic equation includes only the ions and compounds that participate in the precipitation reaction. In this case, it is: Pb²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) -> PbCl₂(s)
05

Identify the spectator ions

Spectator ions are the ions that do not participate in the precipitation reaction. In this case: - Na⁺ and S²⁻ from Na₂S - Ca²⁺ and CH₃COO⁻ from Ca(CH₃COO)₂ So, the spectator ions are Na⁺, S²⁻, Ca²⁺, and CH₃COO⁻. a. The net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction is: Pb²⁺(aq) + 2Cl⁻(aq) -> PbCl₂(s) b. The spectator ions are Na⁺, S²⁻, Ca²⁺, and CH₃COO⁻.

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