Chapter 5: Problem 13
In what two ways can an object possess energy? How do these two ways differ from one another?
Chapter 5: Problem 13
In what two ways can an object possess energy? How do these two ways differ from one another?
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Get started for freeUsing values from Appendix \(\mathrm{C},\) calculate the standard enthalpy change for each of the following reactions: (a) \(2 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{SO}_{3}(g)\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(s) \longrightarrow \mathrm{MgO}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) (c) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}(g)+4 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) (d) \(\mathrm{SiCl}_{4}(l)+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{SiO}_{2}(s)+4 \mathrm{HCl}(g)\)
Identify the force present and explain whether work is done when (a) a positively charged particle moves in a circle at a fixed distance from a negatively charged particle; (b) an iron nail is pulled off a magnet.
A sample of a hydrocarbon is combusted completely in \(\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) to produce \(21.83 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g), 4.47 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g),\) and \(311 \mathrm{~kJ}\) of heat. (a) What is the mass of the hydrocarbon sample that was combusted? (b) What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon? (c) Calculate the value of \(\Delta H_{f}^{\circ}\) per empirical-formula unit of the hydrocarbon. (d) Do you think that the hydrocarbon is one of those listed in Appendix C? Explain your answer.
The specific heat of octane, \(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}(l),\) is \(2.22 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{g}-\mathrm{K}\). (a) How many J of heat are needed to raise the temperature of \(80.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of octane from \(10.0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to \(25.0{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) (b) Which will require more heat, increasing the temperature of \(1 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}(l)\) by a certain amount or increasing the temperature of \(1 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)\) by the same amount?
Suppose that the gas-phase reaction \(2 \mathrm{NO}(g)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow\) \(2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)\) were carried out in a constant-volume container at constant temperature. Would the measured heat change represent \(\Delta H\) or \(\Delta E ?\) If there is a difference, which quantity is larger for this reaction? Explain.
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