Arrange the bonds in each of the following sets in order of increasing polarity: (a) \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{F}, \mathrm{O}-\mathrm{F}, \mathrm{Be}-\mathrm{F} ;\) (b) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{Cl}\), \(\mathrm{S}-\mathrm{Br}, \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{P} ;(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{S}, \mathrm{B}-\mathrm{F}, \mathrm{N}-\mathrm{O}\)

Find out the electronegativity values of the involved elements. You can use a Periodic Table to get the values. Remember that electronegativity generally increases from left to right and decreases top to bottom in the periodic table.

For each bond, find the absolute difference in electronegativity values between the two bonding elements. This value will be used to determine bond polarity.

Compare the electronegativity differences calculated in Step 2, and arrange the bonds in each set in order of increasing polarity. This method can be applied to arrange the bond sets provided in the exercise as shown below: (a) \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{F}, \mathrm{O}-\mathrm{F}, \mathrm{Be}-\mathrm{F}\) Electronegativity values: C (2.55), F (3.98), O (3.44), Be (1.57) Electronegativity differences: \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{F}: |3.98 - 2.55| = 1.43\) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{F}: |3.98 - 3.44| = 0.54\) \(\mathrm{Be}-\mathrm{F}: |3.98 - 1.57| = 2.41\) Arranged by increasing polarity: \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{F} < \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{F} < \mathrm{Be}-\mathrm{F}\) (b) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{Cl}, \mathrm{S}-\mathrm{Br}, \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{P}\) Electronegativity values: O (3.44), Cl (3.16), S (2.58), Br (2.96), C (2.55), P (2.19) Electronegativity differences: \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{Cl}: |3.44 - 3.16| = 0.28\) \(\mathrm{S}-\mathrm{Br}: |2.58 - 2.96| = 0.38\) \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{P}: |2.55 - 2.19| = 0.36\) Arranged by increasing polarity: \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{Cl} < \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{P} < \mathrm{S}-\mathrm{Br}\) (c) \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{S}, \mathrm{B}-\mathrm{F}, \mathrm{N}-\mathrm{O}\) Electronegativity values: C (2.55), S (2.58), B (2.04), F (3.98), N (3.04), O (3.44) Electronegativity differences: \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{S}: |2.55 - 2.58| = 0.03\) \(\mathrm{B}-\mathrm{F}: |3.98 - 2.04| = 1.94\) \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{O}: |3.44 - 3.04| = 0.4\) Arranged by increasing polarity: \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{S} < \mathrm{N}-\mathrm{O} < \mathrm{B}-\mathrm{F}\)