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Chapter 1: Problem 82

A 32.65 -g sample of a solid is placed in a flask. Toluene, in which the solid is insoluble, is added to the flask so that the total volume of solid and liquid together is 50.00 \(\mathrm{mL} .\) The solid and toluene together weigh 58.58 \(\mathrm{g}\) . The density of toluene at the temperature of the experiment is 0.864 \(\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL}\) . What is the density of the solid?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The density of the solid is 1.63 g/mL.

Step by step solution

01

Find mass of toluene

First, we need to find the mass of the toluene by subtracting the mass of the solid from the total mass of the solid and toluene combined. Mass of Toluene = Total mass - Mass of Solid Mass of Toluene = 58.58 g - 32.65 g = 25.93 g
02

Find the volume of toluene

Next, we will find the volume of toluene using its mass and density. Volume of Toluene = Mass of Toluene / Density of Toluene Volume of Toluene = 25.93 g / 0.864 g/mL = 30.02 mL
03

Find the volume of solid

Now, we will find the volume of the solid by subtracting the volume of toluene from the total volume of the solid and toluene combined. Volume of Solid = Total Volume - Volume of Toluene Volume of Solid = 50.00 mL - 30.02 mL = 19.98 mL
04

Calculate the density of the solid

Finally, we will determine the density of the solid using the mass of the solid and its volume. Density of Solid = Mass of Solid / Volume of Solid Density of Solid = 32.65 g / 19.98 mL = 1.63 g/mL Hence, the density of the solid is 1.63 g/mL.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Ethyl chloride is sold as a liquid (see photo) under pressure for use as a local skin anesthetic. Ethyl chloride boils at \(12^{\circ \circ} \mathrm{C}\) at atmospheric pressure. When the liquid is sprayed onto the skin, it boils off, cooling and numbing the skin as it vaporizes. (a) What changes of state are involved in this use of ethyl chloride? (b) What is the boiling point of ethyl chlo- ride in degrees Fahrenheit? (c) The bottle shown contains 103.5 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of ethyl chloride. The density of ethyl chloride at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is 0.765 \(\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3} .\) What is the mass of ethyl chloride in the bottle?

(a) Calculate the kinetic energy, in joules of a 1200 -kg automobile moving at 18 \(\mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}\) . ( b ) Convert this energy to calories.(c) When the automobile brakes to a stop is the "lost" kinetic energy converted mostly to heat or to some form of potential energy?

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous: (a) rice pudding, (b) seawater, (c) magnesium, (d) crushed ice.

(a) The speed of light in a vacuum is \(2.998 \times 10^{8} \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{s}\) . Calculate its speed in miles per hour. (b) The Sears Tower in Chicago is 1454 ft tall. Calculate its height in meters. (c) The Vehicle Assembly Building at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida has a volume of \(3,666,500 \mathrm{m}^{3} .\) Convert this volume to liters and express the result in standard exponential no- tation. (d) An individual suffering from a high cholesterol level in her blood has 242 mg of cholesterol per 100 \(\mathrm{mL}\) of blood. If the total blood volume of the individual is 5.2 \(\mathrm{L}\) , how many grams of total blood cholesterol does the individual's body contain?

What is the number of significant figures in each of the following measured quantities? (a) \(601 \mathrm{kg},\) (b) 0.054 \(\mathrm{s}\) ,(c) \(6.3050 \mathrm{cm},(\mathbf{d}) 0.0105 \mathrm{L},(\mathbf{e}) 7.0500 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{m}^{3},(\mathbf{f}) 400 \mathrm{g}\)
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