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Chapter 12: Problem 101

Which statement correctly describes a difference between graphene and graphite? (a) Graphene is a molecule but graphite is not. (b) Graphene is a single sheet of carbon atoms and graphite contains many, and larger, sheets of carbon atoms. (c) Graphene is an insulator but graphite is a metal. (d) Graphite is pure carbon but graphene is not. (e) The carbons are \(s p^{2}\) hybridized in graphene but \(s p^{3}\) hybridized in graphite.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct statement that describes the difference between graphene and graphite is (b): Graphene is a single sheet of carbon atoms and graphite contains many, and larger, sheets of carbon atoms.

Step by step solution

01

Statement A

Although both graphene and graphite are comprised of carbon atoms, they differ in their arrangement. Graphene can be considered as an individual layer, a giant molecule, but graphene is not a molecule. Hence, this statement is incorrect.
02

Statement B

This statement is correct. Graphene is a single sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, while graphite is composed of multiple layers of such sheets. The layers in graphite are held together by weak Van der Waals forces allowing them to slide easily over each other, which makes graphite a good lubricant and gives it its characteristic slippery feel.
03

Statement C

Both graphene and graphite are conductive, but neither is considered a metal. Graphene exhibits high electron mobility and can function as an excellent conductor, while graphite is a good conductor of electricity in certain directions (due to its stacking of layers). Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
04

Statement D

Both graphene and graphite are composed of pure carbon atoms. The difference lies in the arrangement of the carbon atoms, not in their chemical composition. Thus, this statement is incorrect.
05

Statement E

In graphene, each carbon atom forms three covalent bonds with three other carbon atoms, resulting in an \(sp^2\) hybridization. In graphite, the situation is the same, with the carbon atoms also being \(sp^2\) hybridized. Therefore, this statement is incorrect. The correct statement that describes the difference between graphene and graphite is (b).

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