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Chapter 12: Problem 105

Imagine the primitive cubic lattice. Now imagine pushing on top of it, straight down. Next, stretch another face by pulling it to the right. All angles remain \(90^{\circ} .\) What kind of primitive lattice have you made?

Short Answer

Expert verified
After performing the given transformations on the primitive cubic lattice, we have created a primitive orthorhombic lattice with lattice parameters \(a \neq b \neq c\) and angles \(\alpha = \beta = \gamma = 90^{\circ}\).

Step by step solution

01

Understand the initial lattice

We are given a primitive cubic lattice, which has a cubic unit cell with lattice points at the vertices. In a cubic lattice, all sides are equal in length, and all angles between the sides are \(90^{\circ}\). So, initially, we have a lattice with \(a = b = c\) and \(\alpha = \beta = \gamma = 90^{\circ}\).
02

Push down on top of the lattice

The first transformation applies pressure on the top face of the lattice, pushing it down. This will result in a change to the length of one of the sides. We can denote this new length as 'c' since 'c' usually refers to the vertical side in a lattice. Therefore, our lattice parameters change to \(a = b\) (as they remain equal) and \(c \neq a\). The angles remain unchanged at \(90^{\circ}\).
03

Stretch the lattice by pulling a face to the right

The second transformation pulls the face to the right, resulting in a change in the side length of another axis. We can denote this new length as 'b', and in this case, 'a' remains unchanged as we have not altered it. Now, our lattice parameters are \(a \neq b \neq c\) with \(\alpha = \beta = \gamma = 90^{\circ}\).
04

Identify the new lattice type

Now that we have transformed the lattice, we have new lattice parameters: \(a \neq b \neq c\), and the angles between the sides remain unchanged at \(90^{\circ}\). This describes a primitive orthorhombic lattice. In the orthorhombic lattice, all angles remain at \(90^{\circ}\), and all sides are unequal. So, after performing the given transformations, we have created a primitive orthorhombic lattice.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An addition polymerization forms the polymer originally used as Saran" wrap. It has the following structure \(+\mathrm{CCl}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{J}_{n} .\) Draw the structure of the monomer.

Which of the following properties are typical characteristics of a covalent- network solid, a metallic solid, or both: (a) ductility, (b) hardness, (c) high melting point?

For each of the following alloy compositions, indicate whether you would expect it to be a substitutional alloy, an interstitial alloy, or an intermetallic compound: $$ (a)\mathrm{Fe}_{0.97} \mathrm{Si}_{0.03}, \quad(\mathbf{b})\mathrm{Fe}_{0.60} \mathrm{Ni}_{0.40}, \quad(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{Sm} \mathrm{Co}_{5} $$

Which of the three-dimensional primitive lattices has a unit cell where none of the internal angles is \(90^{\circ}\) ? (a) Orthorhombic, (b) hexagonal, (c) rhombohedral, (d) triclinic, (e) both rhombohedral and triclinic.

Indicate whether the following statement is true or false: For an addition polymerization, there are no by-products of the reaction (assuming 100\(\%\) yield).
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