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Chapter 12: Problem 88

Write the chemical equation that represents the formation of $$ \begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) polychloroprene from chloroprene (polychloroprene is }} \\ {\text { used in highway-pavement seals, expansion joints, con- }} \\\ {\text { veyor belts, and wire and cable jackets) }}\end{array} $$ $$ \begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}-\underset{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}}} \\\ {\text { Chloroprene }}\end{array} $$ $$ \begin{array}{l}{\text { (b) polyacrylonitrile from acrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile }} \\ {\text { is used in home furnishings, craft yarns, clothing, and }} \\ {\text { many other items). }}\end{array} $$ $$ \begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}} \\ {\mathrm{I}} \\ {\text { Acrylonitrile }}\end{array} $$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The chemical equations for the formation of the given polymers are: (a) Polychloroprene from chloroprene: \[ \mathrm{n} \left( \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}-\underset{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}} \right) \longrightarrow \mathrm{-CH_{2}-CH-}{\underbrace{{\text -} \mathrm{C}-(-\mathrm{CH_{2})_{n}}}_{\text {polychloroprene}}} \] (b) Polyacrylonitrile from acrylonitrile: \[ \mathrm{n} \left( \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}{\text -}\mathrm{CN} \right) \longrightarrow \mathrm{-CH_{2}-CH{-}}_{n}\mathrm{CN} \]

Step by step solution

01

(a) Identifying the functional group of chloroprene

Chloroprene is shown as: \[ \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}-\underset{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}} \] We can see that there is a vdinylic moiety in the.chain
02

(b) Identifying the functional group of acrylonitrile

Acrylonitrile is shown as: \[ \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}{\text -}\mathrm{CN} \] It contains a vinyl group and a cyano (nitrile) group. ##Step 2: Determine the polymerization reaction##
03

(a) Polymerization reaction for chloroprene

Chloroprene undergoes addition polymerization via a radical chain-growth mechanism.
04

(b) Polymerization reaction for acrylonitrile

Acrylonitrile also undergoes addition polymerization via a radical chain-growth mechanism. ##Step 3: Writing the chemical equation for polymer formation##
05

(a) Formation of polychloroprene from chloroprene

The chemical equation for the formation of polychloroprene from chloroprene is: \[ \mathrm{n} \left( \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}-\underset{\mathrm{C}}{\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}} \right) \longrightarrow \mathrm{-CH_{2}-CH-}{\underbrace{{\text -} \mathrm{C}-(-\mathrm{CH_{2})_{n}}}_{\text {polychloroprene}}} \]
06

(b) Formation of polyacrylonitrile from acrylonitrile

The chemical equation for the formation of polyacrylonitrile from acrylonitrile is: \[ \mathrm{n} \left( \mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}{\text -}\mathrm{CN} \right) \longrightarrow \mathrm{-CH_{2}-CH{-}}_{n}\mathrm{CN} \]

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