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Chapter 2: Problem 109

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations,suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions:\((\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{BrO}_{4}^{-},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{SeO}_{3}^{2-}\) \((\mathbf{c})\) arsenate ion, \((\mathbf{d})\) hydrogen tellurate ion.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The chemical formula and names for the given ions are as follows: a) BrO₄⁻: Perbromate ion b) SeO₃²⁻: Selenite ion c) Arsenate ion: AsO₄³⁻ d) Hydrogen tellurate ion: HTeO₃⁻ (Hydrogen Tellurite Ion)

Step by step solution

01

Analyzing Given Ions

Let's start with the first ion BrO₄⁻. In this case, the central element is Bromine (Br) from group 17 (halogens) and is combined with four Oxygen atoms (O) with a total charge of -1. It is called Perbromate ion. Next, we have SeO₃²⁻ where the central atom is Selenium (Se) from group 16 (chalcogens) combined with three Oxygen atoms, overall with a charge of -2. This ion is called Selenite ion.
02

Finding the Formula for Arsenate Ion

Arsenate ion has Arsenic (As) as the central element. Arsenic belongs to group 15 (pnictogens), below Nitrogen and Phosphorus. As Phosphate ion (PO₄³⁻) has a similar structure, we can assume that the formula for the arsenate ion would also follow the same pattern. Therefore, the arsenate ion (AsO₄) will also have a charge of -3, because like Phosphorus, Arsenic needs 3 more electrons to complete its octet. Thus, the chemical formula for the Arsenate ion becomes AsO₄³⁻.
03

Finding the Name for Hydrogen Tellurate Ion

The name indicates that there is one hydrogen atom joined with the tellurate ion. The central element in the tellurate ion is Tellurium (Te) from group 16 (chalcogens), same as Selenium. Since we know that the selenite ion has the formula SeO₃²⁻, we can infer that the tellurate ion will be TeO₃²⁻ because they are both in the same group. Now, we have to add a hydrogen atom to form the hydrogen tellurate ion. When a hydrogen atom (with +1 charge) binds to the tellurate ion (TeO₃²⁻), the overall charge will become -1. Thus, the name for hydrogen tellurate ion with the formula HTeO₃⁻ is "Hydrogen Tellurite Ion".

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Assume that you encounter the following sentences in your reading. What is the chemical formula for each substance mentioned? (a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used as a deodorant. (b) Calcium hypochlorite is used in some bleaching solutions.(c) Hydrogen cyanide is a very poisonous gas. (d) Magnesium hydroxide is used as a cathartic. (e) Tin(II) fluoride has been used as a fluoride additive in toothpastes. (f) When cadmium sulfide is treated with sulfuric acid, fumes of hydrogen sulfide are given off.

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the following atoms? (a) \(^{40} \mathrm{Ar},(\mathbf{b})^{65} \mathrm{Zn},(\mathbf{c})^{70} \mathrm{Ga},(\mathbf{d})^{80} \mathrm{Br},(\mathbf{e})^{184} \mathrm{W}\) \((\mathbf{f})^{243} \mathrm{Am} .\)

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(a) What is meant by the term isomer? (b) Among the four alkanes, ethane, propane, butane, and pentane, which is capable of existing in isomeric forms?

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