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Chapter 2: Problem 79

Write the chemical formula for each substance mentioned in the following word descriptions (use the front inside cover to find the symbols for the elements you do not know). (a) Zinc carbonate can be heated to form zinc oxide and carbon dioxide. (b) On treatment with hydrofluoric acid, silicon dioxide forms silicon tetrafluoride and water. (c) Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid. (d) The substance phosphorus trihydride, commonly called phosphine, is a toxic gas. (e) Perchloric acid reacts with cadmium to form cadmium(II) perchlorate. (f) Vanadium(II) bromide is a colored solid.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) ZnCO3 → ZnO + CO2 (b) HF + SiO2 → SiF4 + H2O (c) SO2 + H2O → H2SO3 (d) PH3 (e) HClO4 + Cd → Cd(ClO4)2 (f) VBr2

Step by step solution

01

Identify the chemical elements

By reading the description, we can identify the chemical elements involved: Zinc, Carbon, and Oxygen.
02

Write the chemical formula

Following the rules of chemical nomenclature for ionic compounds, we have: Zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) can be heated to form zinc oxide (ZnO) and carbon dioxide (CO2). (b) On treatment with hydrofluoric acid, silicon dioxide forms silicon tetrafluoride and water.
03

Identify the chemical elements

We can identify the chemical elements involved: Silicon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Fluorine.
04

Write the chemical formula

Following the rules of chemical nomenclature for molecular compounds, we have: On treatment with hydrofluoric acid (HF), silicon dioxide (SiO2) forms silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4) and water (H2O). (c) Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid.
05

Identify the chemical elements

We can identify the chemical elements involved: Sulfur, Oxygen, and Hydrogen.
06

Write the chemical formula

Following the rules of chemical nomenclature for molecular compounds, we have: Sulfur dioxide (SO2) reacts with water (H2O) to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3). (d) The substance phosphorus trihydride, commonly called phosphine, is a toxic gas.
07

Identify the chemical elements

We can identify the chemical elements involved: Phosphorus and Hydrogen.
08

Write the chemical formula

Following the rules of chemical nomenclature for molecular compounds, we have: The substance phosphorus trihydride, commonly called phosphine (PH3), is a toxic gas. (e) Perchloric acid reacts with cadmium to form cadmium(II) perchlorate.
09

Identify the chemical elements

We can identify the chemical elements involved: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Chlorine, and Cadmium.
10

Write the chemical formula

Following the rules of chemical nomenclature for ionic compounds, we have: Perchloric acid (HClO4) reacts with cadmium (Cd) to form cadmium(II) perchlorate (Cd(ClO4)2). (f) Vanadium(II) bromide is a colored solid.
11

Identify the chemical elements

We can identify the chemical elements involved: Vanadium and Bromine.
12

Write the chemical formula

Following the rules of chemical nomenclature for ionic compounds, we have: Vanadium(II) bromide (VBr2) is a colored solid.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Name the following ionic compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O},(\mathbf{b})\) FeCl_ \((\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{NaClO},(\mathbf{d}) \quad \mathrm{CaSO}_{3}\)(e) \(\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}, \quad(\mathbf{f}) \mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}$$(\mathbf{g}) \mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COO}\right)_{2},(\mathbf{h}) \mathrm{Cr}_{2}\left(\mathrm{CO}_{3}\right)_{3}\)(i) \(\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CrO}_{4},(\mathbf{j})\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\)

Answer the following questions without referring to Table \(2.1 :\) (a) What are the main subatomic particles that make up the atom? (b) What is the relative charge (in multiples of the electronic charge ) of each of the particles? (c) Which of the particles is the most massive? (d) Which is the least massive?

(a) What isotope is used as the standard in establishing the atomic mass scale? (b) The atomic weight of boron is reported as 10.81 , yet no atom of boron has the mass of 10.81 amu. Explain.

Selenium, an element required nutritionally in trace quantities, forms compounds analogous to sulfur. Name the following ions: (a) \(\operatorname{SeO}_{4}^{2-},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{Se}^{2-},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{HSe}^{-},(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{HSeO}_{3}^{-}\)

Using the periodic table, predict the charges of the ions of the following elements: (a) Ga, (b) Sr, (c) As, (d) Br, (e) Se.
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