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Chapter 2: Problem 80

Assume that you encounter the following sentences in your reading. What is the chemical formula for each substance mentioned? (a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used as a deodorant. (b) Calcium hypochlorite is used in some bleaching solutions.(c) Hydrogen cyanide is a very poisonous gas. (d) Magnesium hydroxide is used as a cathartic. (e) Tin(II) fluoride has been used as a fluoride additive in toothpastes. (f) When cadmium sulfide is treated with sulfuric acid, fumes of hydrogen sulfide are given off.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate: \(NaHCO_3\) b) Calcium hypochlorite: \(Ca(ClO)_2\) c) Hydrogen cyanide: \(HCN\) d) Magnesium hydroxide: \(Mg(OH)_2\) e) Tin(II) fluoride: \(SnF_2\) f) Cadmium sulfide: \(CdS\)

Step by step solution

01

a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate

First, identify the elements present in sodium hydrogen carbonate: - Sodium (Na) has a valency of +1. - Hydrogen (H) has a valency of +1. - Carbon (C) has a valency of +4. - Oxygen (O) has a valency of -2. To form the formula for sodium hydrogen carbonate, we combine Na, H, C, and O according to their valencies. The formula is: NaHCO₃.
02

b) Calcium hypochlorite

First, identify the elements present in calcium hypochlorite: - Calcium (Ca) has a valency of +2. - Chlorine (Cl), in its hypochlorite form (ClO), has a valency of -1. To form the formula for calcium hypochlorite, we combine Ca and ClO according to their valencies. The formula is: Ca(ClO)₂.
03

c) Hydrogen cyanide

First, identify the elements present in hydrogen cyanide: - Hydrogen (H) has a valency of +1. - Carbon (C) has a valency of +4. - Nitrogen (N) has a valency of -3. To form the formula for hydrogen cyanide, we combine H, C, and N according to their valencies. The formula is: HCN.
04

d) Magnesium hydroxide

First, identify the elements present in magnesium hydroxide: - Magnesium (Mg) has a valency of +2. - Oxygen (O) has a valency of -2. - Hydrogen (H), in its hydroxide form (OH), has a valency of -1. To form the formula for magnesium hydroxide, we combine Mg and OH according to their valencies. The formula is: Mg(OH)₂.
05

e) Tin(II) fluoride

First, identify the elements present in tin(II) fluoride: - Tin (Sn), in its (II) form, has a valency of +2. - Fluorine (F) has a valency of -1. To form the formula for tin(II) fluoride, we combine Sn and F according to their valencies. The formula is: SnF₂.
06

f) Cadmium sulfide

First, identify the elements present in cadmium sulfide: - Cadmium (Cd) has a valency of +2. - Sulfide (S) has a valency of -2. To form the formula for cadmium sulfide, we combine Cd and S according to their valencies. The formula is: CdS.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Consider an atom of \(^{63} \mathrm{Cu}\) (a) How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does this atom contain? (b) What is the symbol of the ion obtained by removing two electrons from 63 \(\mathrm{Cu} ?(\mathbf{c})\) What is the symbol for the isotope of \(^{63} \mathrm{Cu}\) that possesses 36 neutrons?

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