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Chapter 21: Problem 10

Indicate the number of protons and neutrons in the following nuclei: \((\mathbf{a}) _{53}^{129} I,(\mathbf{b})^{138} \mathrm{Ba},(\mathbf{c})\) neptunium\(-237 .\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
For each nucleus: \[\textrm{(a)}\ (\textrm{I})\ \textrm{53 protons, 76 neutrons}\] \[\textrm{(b)}\ (\textrm{Ba})\ \textrm{56 protons, 82 neutrons}\] \[\textrm{(c)}\ (\textrm{Np-237})\ \textrm{93 protons, 144 neutrons}\]

Step by step solution

01

Nucleus (a) - \(_{53}^{129} I\)

For the given nucleus \(_{53}^{129} I\), the subscript '53' denotes the number of protons present in the nucleus. The superscript '129' denotes the atomic mass number (A), which is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To find the number of neutrons in this nucleus, we can use the formula: Neutrons = A - number of protons In this case: Neutrons = \(129 - 53\) Neutrons = 76 Result for nucleus (a): There are 53 protons and 76 neutrons.
02

Nucleus (b) - \(^{138} \mathrm{Ba}\)

For the given nucleus \(^{138} \mathrm{Ba}\), we need to identify the number of protons for barium (Ba) from the periodic table. Barium has the atomic number (Z) of 56, which means that there are 56 protons in its nucleus. The superscript '138' denotes the atomic mass number (A), which is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To find the number of neutrons in this nucleus, we can use the formula: Neutrons = A - number of protons In this case: Neutrons = \(138 - 56\) Neutrons = 82 Result for nucleus (b): There are 56 protons and 82 neutrons.
03

Nucleus (c) - Neptunium-237

For the given nucleus Neptunium-237, we need to identify the number of protons for neptunium from the periodic table. Neptunium has the atomic number (Z) of 93, which means that there are 93 protons in its nucleus. The number '237' after the hyphen denotes the atomic mass number (A), which is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To find the number of neutrons in this nucleus, we can use the formula: Neutrons = A - number of protons In this case: Neutrons = \(237 - 93\) Neutrons = 144 Result for nucleus (c): There are 93 protons and 144 neutrons.

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