Chapter 21: Problem 11
Give the symbol for \((\mathbf{a})\) a neutron, \((\mathbf{b})\) an alpha particle, \((\mathbf{c})\) gamma radiation.
Chapter 21: Problem 11
Give the symbol for \((\mathbf{a})\) a neutron, \((\mathbf{b})\) an alpha particle, \((\mathbf{c})\) gamma radiation.
All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.
Get started for freeWhat is the function of the control rods in a nuclear reactor? What substances are used to construct control rods?Why are these substances chosen?
Some watch dials are coated with a phosphor, like ZnS, and a polymer in which some of the \(^{1} \mathrm{H}\) atoms have been replaced by \(^{3} \mathrm{H}\) atoms, tritium. The phosphor emits light when struck by the beta particle from the tritium decay, causing the dials to glow in the dark. The half-life of tritium is 12.3 yr. If the light given off is assumed to be directly proportional to the amount of tritium, by how much will a dial be dimmed in a watch that is 50 yr old?
The atomic masses of hydrogen-2 (deuterium), helium-4, and lithium-6 are 2.014102 amu, 4.002602 amu, and 6.0151228 amu, respectively. For each isotope, calculate (a) the nuclear mass, (b) the nuclear binding energy, (c) the nuclear binding energy per nucleon. (d) Which of these three isotopes has the largest nuclear binding energy per nucleon? Does this agree with the trends plotted in Figure 21.12\(?\)
Naturally found uranium consists of 99.274\(\%^{238} \mathrm{U}\) \(0.720 \%^{233} \mathrm{U},\) and 0.006\(\%^{233} \mathrm{U}\) As we have seen, \(^{235} \mathrm{U}\) is the isotope that can undergo a nuclear chain reaction. Most of the \(^{255}\) U used in the first atomic bomb was obtained by gaseous diffusion of uranium hexafluoride, UF \(_{6}(g) .\) (a) What is the mass of UF \(_{6}\) in a 30.0 -L vessel of UF \(_{6}\) at a pressure of 695 torr at 350 \(\mathrm{K} ?\) (b) What is the mass of \(^{235} \mathrm{U}\) in the sample described in part (a)? (c) Now suppose that the \(\mathrm{UF}_{6}\) is diffused through a porous barrier and that the change in the ratio of of \(^{238} \mathrm{U}\) and \(^{235} \mathrm{U}\) in the diffused gas can be described by Equation 10.23. What is the mass of \(^{235} \mathrm{U}\) in a sample of the diffused gas analogous to that in part (a)? (d) After one more cycle of gaseous diffusion, what is the percentage of \(^{235} \mathrm{UF}_{6}\) in the sample?
In 1930 the American physicist Ernest Lawrence designed the first cyclotron in Berkeley, California. In 1937 Lawrence bombarded a molybdenum target with deuterium ions, producing for the first time an element not found in nature. What was this element? Starting with molybdenum-96 as your reactant, write a nuclear equation to represent this process.
What do you think about this solution?
We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.