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Chapter 22: Problem 17

Complete and balance the following equations: $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) } \mathrm{NaOCH}_{3}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow} \\ {\text { (b) } \mathrm{CuO}(s)+\mathrm{HNO}_{3}(a q) \longrightarrow} \\ {\text { (c) } \mathrm{WO}_{3}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow}}\end{array}$$ $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (d) } \mathrm{NH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}(l)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow} \\ {\text { (e) } \mathrm{Al}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{3}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow}\end{array}$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer to the question is: (a) $$\mathrm{NaOCH}_{3}(s) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaOH}(aq) +\mathrm{CH}_{3}\mathrm{OH}(l)$$ (b) $$\mathrm{CuO}(s) + 2 \mathrm{HNO}_{3}(aq) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu(NO}_{3})_{2}(aq) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l)$$ (c) $$\mathrm{WO}_{3}(s) + 3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{W}(s) + 3 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(g)$$ (d) $$\mathrm{2NH}_{2}\mathrm{OH}(l) + \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) + \mathrm{N}_{2}(g)$$ (e) $$\mathrm{Al}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{3}(s) + 12 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow 4 \mathrm{Al(OH)}_{3}(s) + 3 \mathrm{CH}_{4}(g)$$

Step by step solution

01

(a) Identifying Products and Balancing the Equation

(a) We have a reaction between sodium methoxide (NaOCH3) and water (H2O). This is a type of acid-base reaction, where the methoxide ion (OCH3⁻) will act as a base and water (H2O) as an acid. The products will be sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and methanol (CH3OH). The balanced equation is: $$\mathrm{NaOCH}_{3}(s) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaOH}(aq) +\mathrm{CH}_{3}\mathrm{OH}(l).$$
02

(b) Identifying Products and Balancing the Equation

(b) The reaction of copper(II) oxide (CuO) with nitric acid (HNO3) will produce copper(II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) and water (H2O) because it is an acid-base reaction. The balanced equation is: $$\mathrm{CuO}(s) + 2 \mathrm{HNO}_{3}(aq) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Cu(NO}_{3})_{2}(aq) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l).$$
03

(c) Identifying Products and Balancing the Equation

(c) Tungsten trioxide (WO3) reacting with hydrogen gas (H2) under heat (indicated by Δ) will produce tungsten metal (W) and water (H2O). This is a reduction reaction, as hydrogen reduces the tungsten oxide. The balanced equation is: $$\mathrm{WO}_{3}(s) + 3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{W}(s) + 3 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(g).$$
04

(d) Identifying Products and Balancing the Equation

(d) When hydroxylamine (NH2OH) reacts with oxygen gas (O2), it will produce water (H2O) and nitrogen gas (N2) as products. The balanced equation is: $$\mathrm{2NH}_{2}\mathrm{OH}(l) + \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) + \mathrm{N}_{2}(g).$$
05

(e) Identifying Products and Balancing the Equation

(e) Aluminum carbide (Al4C3) reacting with water (H2O) will produce aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and methane gas (CH4) because it is a hydrolysis reaction. The balanced equation is: $$\mathrm{Al}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{3}(s) + 12 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow 4 \mathrm{Al(OH)}_{3}(s) + 3 \mathrm{CH}_{4}(g).$$

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify the following hydrides as ionic, metallic, or molecular: (a) \(\mathrm{B}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{RbH},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{Th}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{1.5}\)

Why does xenon form stable compounds with fluorine, whereas argon does not?

The solubility of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) in 100 \(\mathrm{g}\) of water at STP is 310 \(\mathrm{cm}^{3}\) . Assume that this quantity of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is dissolved and equilibrated as follows: $$\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Cl}^{-}(a q)+\mathrm{HClO}(a q)+\mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)$$ (a) If the equilibrium constant for this reaction is \(4.7 \times 10^{-4}\) , calculate the equilibrium concentration of HClO formed. (b) What is the pH of the final solution?

Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions. (You may have to guess at one or more of the reaction products, but you should be able to make a reasonable guess, based on your study of this chapter.) (a) Hydrogen selenide can be prepared by reaction of an aqueous acid solution on aluminum selenide. (b) Sodium thiosulfate is used to remove excess \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) from chlorine-bleached fabrics. The thiosulfate ion forms \(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-}\) and elemental sulfur, while \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is reduced to \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) .

Explain the following observations: (a) For a given oxidation state, the acid strength of the oxyacid in aqueous solution decreases in the order chlorine \(>\) bromine \(>\) iodine.(b) Hydrofluoric acid cannot be stored in glass bottles. (c) HI cannot be prepared by treating Nal with sulfuric acid. ( \(\mathbf{d}\) ) The interhalogen ICl_ is known, but BrCl_ is not.
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