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Chapter 22: Problem 87

Write a balanced chemical reaction for the condensation reaction between \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) molecules to form \(\mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{P}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{10} .\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The balanced chemical reaction for the condensation reaction between H3PO4 molecules to form H5P3O10 is: \[ 3 \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{PO}_{4} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{P}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{10} + 5\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \]

Step by step solution

01

Write the unbalanced chemical reaction

To start, we will write the unbalanced chemical equation for the condensation reaction between H3PO4 molecules to form H5P3O10: \[ \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{PO}_{4} \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{P}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{10} \]
02

Identify the products and find the correct stoichiometry

We can see that the product, H5P3O10, has three P atoms in it, which means that three H3PO4 molecules must react to form one H5P3O10 molecule. The condensation reaction involves the formation of water molecules as a byproduct. In this case, it is necessary to find the correct stoichiometry: 3 H3PO4 → H5P3O10 + xH2O We can analyze this by comparing the number of H, P, and O atoms on both sides of the equation.
03

Balance the H atoms

There are 15 H atoms on the left side (3 * 3 H atoms in H3PO4) and 5 H atoms in H5P3O10. To balance the H atoms, we must add "x" H2O molecules to the right side of the equation: 3 H3PO4 → H5P3O10 + xH2O Since there are 10 H atoms remaining, x = 5, since 5 H2O molecules will contain 10 H atoms: 3 H3PO4 → H5P3O10 + 5H2O
04

Check the balance of P and O atoms

The P atoms are already balanced (with 3 P atoms on both sides). Now we can check for the balance of O atoms. There are 12 O atoms on the left side (3 * 4 O atoms in H3PO4) and 10 O atoms in H5P3O10. The right side of the equation also has 5 * 1 O atoms in 5 H2O molecules: 3 H3PO4 → H5P3O10 + 5H2O There are 10 O atoms in H5P3O10 and 5 O atoms in 5 H2O molecules, giving us a total of 15 O atoms on the right side of the equation, which matches the left side. Therefore, the equation is balanced.
05

Final Answer

The balanced chemical reaction for the condensation reaction between H3PO4 molecules to form H5P3O10 is: 3 H3PO4 → H5P3O10 + 5H2O

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions: (a) Sulfur dioxide reacts with water. (b) Solid zinc sulfide reacts with hydrochloric acid.(c) Elemental sulfur reacts with sulfite ion to form thiosulfate. (d) Sulfur trioxide is dissolved in sulfuric acid.

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