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Chapter 23: Problem 76

Which transition metal atom is present in each of the following biologically important molecules: (a) hemoglobin, (b) chlorophyls, (c) siderophores, (d) hemocyanine.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The transition metal atoms present in the given biologically important molecules are: (a) Hemoglobin: iron (Fe), (b) Chlorophylls: magnesium (Mg), (c) Siderophores: iron (Fe) (by interaction), and (d) Hemocyanine: copper (Cu).

Step by step solution

01

Recognizing the metal in hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a protein responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. The metal present in hemoglobin is iron (Fe), which is a transition metal. It's part of a heme group within the protein structure.
02

Identifying the metal in chlorophylls

Chlorophylls are the green pigments responsible for photosynthesis in plants and algae. The metal present in chlorophylls is magnesium (Mg). It is situated in the center of a porphyrin ring.
03

Determining the metal in siderophores

Siderophores are small molecules that bind and transport iron (Fe) in microorganisms. Although siderophores do not directly contain a transition metal within their structure, they interact with iron (Fe) as a way to acquire this metal for the microorganisms.
04

Finding the metal in hemocyanine

Hemocyanine is a copper (Cu)-containing protein that serves as an oxygen-carrier in the blood of various invertebrates, including mollusks and arthropods. The transition metal atom present in hemocyanine is copper (Cu). To summarize, the transition metal atoms present in each biologically important molecule are: - Hemoglobin: iron (Fe) - Chlorophylls: magnesium (Mg) - Siderophores: iron (Fe) (by interaction) - Hemocyanine: copper (Cu)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

For each of the following pairs, identify the molecule or ion that is more likely to act as a ligand in a metal complex: (a) acetonitrile \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CN}\right)\) or ammonium \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\right)\) (b) hydride \(\left(\mathrm{H}^{-}\right)\) or hydronium \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\right),(\mathbf{c})\) carbon monoxide \((\mathrm{CO})\) or methane \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{4}\right)\) .

Carbon monoxide, CO, is an important ligand in coordination chemistry. When \(\mathrm{CO}\) is reacted with nickel metal, the product is \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\right],\) which is a toxic, pale yellow liquid. (a) What is the oxidation number for nickel in thiscompound? (b) Given that \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\right]\) is a diamagnetic molecule with a tetrahedral geometry, what is the electron configuration of nickel in this compound? (c) Write the name for \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\right]\) using the nomenclature rules for coordination compounds.

The lobes of which \(d\) orbitals point directly between the ligands in (a) octahedral geometry, (b) tetrahedral geometry?

Four-coordinate metals can have either a tetrahedral or a square-planar geometry; both possibilities are shown here for \(\left[\mathrm{PtCl}_{2}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}\right] .\) (a) \(\mathrm{What}\) is the name of this molecule? (b) Would the tetrahedral molecule have a geometric isomer? (c) Would the tetrahedral molecule be diamagnetic or paramagnetic? (d) Would the square-planar molecule have a geometric isomer? (e) Would the square-planar molecule be diamagnetic or paramagnetic? (f) Would determining the number of geometric isomers help you distinguish between the tetrahedral and square-planar geometries? (g) Would measuring the molecule's response to a magnetic field help you distinguish between the two geometries? [Sections 23.4-23.6 ]

Consider the following three complexes: (Complex 1) \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{5} \mathrm{SCN}\right]^{2+}\) (Complex 2) \(\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{Cl}_{3}\right]^{2+}\) (Complex 3) \(\mathrm{CoClBr} \cdot 5 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) Which of the three complexes can have (a) geometric isomers, (b) linkage isomers, (c) optical isomers, (d) coordination-sphere isomers?
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