Write the condensed structural formulas for two alkenes and one alkyne that all have the molecular formula \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{10}\) .

Alkenes are a group of hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. These organic compounds are unsaturated, which means they have fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes, their saturated counterparts. The general molecular formula for alkenes is \( C_nH_{2n} \), where \( n \) is the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

For the molecule \( C_6H_{10} \), the presence of a double bond is established by its degree of unsaturation. When constructing alkenes with this formula, we strategically place the double bond in different locations to create various isomers. For instance, when the double bond is at the beginning of the carbon chain, it forms 1-Butene, while placing it between the second and third carbons forms 2-Butene. Each of these isomers has distinct physical and chemical properties, which are important in chemical reactions and synthesis.

The degree of unsaturation is a vital concept in organic chemistry used to determine the amount of unsaturation within a molecule. It provides insights into the number of rings and pi bonds (double or triple bonds) a molecule possesses. Calculated using the formula \( \frac{{2 * N_{carbon} + 2 - N_{hydrogen}}}{{2}} \), the degree of unsaturation indicates the total number of pi bonds and rings in the molecule.

For example, the degree of unsaturation for a molecule with the formula \( C_6H_{10} \) is calculated to be 2, suggesting that the compound could have two double bonds, one double bond and one ring, or one triple bond. Knowledge of the degree of unsaturation helps us predict and deduce the structure of organic compounds, leading to an understanding of their chemical behavior and the reactions they may undergo.

Alkynes are hydrocarbons characterized by the presence of a carbon-carbon triple bond. They form a subset of unsaturated compounds and have the general formula \( C_nH_{2n-2} \). Alkynes are less common than alkenes but are known for their distinctive chemical reactions, such as the ability to undergo addition reactions where the triple bond opens up to add atoms across it.

In the case of \( C_6H_{10} \), one viable alkyne structure exists, called 1-Hexyne. This molecule features a triple bond at the first and second carbon atoms, creating a linear and more rigid structure compared to alkenes. Alkynes play an essential role in synthetic chemistry, particularly in the creation of new carbon-carbon bonds, because the triple bond can serve as a reactive site for many types of chemical transformations.