Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 24: Problem 35

(a) True or false: Alkenes undergo addition reactions and aromatic hydrocarbons undergo substitution reactions. (b) Using condensed structural formulas, write the balanced equation for the reaction of 2 -pentene with Br\(_{2}\) and name the resulting compound. Is this an addition or a substitution reaction? (c) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) with benzene to make paradichlorobenzene in the presence of \(\mathrm{FeCl}_{3}\) as a catalyst. Is this an addition or a substitution reaction?

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) True. Alkenes undergo addition reactions and aromatic hydrocarbons undergo substitution reactions. (b) The balanced equation for the reaction of 2-pentene with Br\(_{2}\) is: \[ \mathrm{CH_{3}CH=CHCH_{2}CH_{3}} + \mathrm{Br_{2}} \rightarrow \mathrm{CH_{3}CHBrCHBrCH_{2}CH_{3}} \] The resulting compound is 2,3-dibromopentane, and this is an addition reaction. (c) The balanced equation for the reaction of Cl\(_{2}\) with benzene to make paradichlorobenzene in the presence of FeCl\(_{3}\) as a catalyst is: \[ \mathrm{C_{6}H_{6}} + 2\mathrm{Cl_{2}} \xrightarrow[]{\mathrm{FeCl_{3}}} \mathrm{C_{6}H_{4}Cl_{2}} + 2\mathrm{HCl} \] This is a substitution reaction.

Step by step solution

01

Part (a): Determining the truth of the statement

Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond. They usually undergo addition reactions in which the double bond is broken, and new atoms or groups are added to the carbons. Aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, have a ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds. They typically undergo substitution reactions, in which one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by another atom or group. The statement in the exercise is correct.
02

Part (b): Balanced equation for 2-pentene and Br\(_{2}\) reaction

To write the balanced equation for the reaction of 2-pentene with Br\(_{2}\), we need to show the addition of bromine atoms to the double bond in 2-pentene. The balanced equation for the reaction is as follows: \[ \mathrm{CH_{3}CH=CHCH_{2}CH_{3}} + \mathrm{Br_{2}} \rightarrow \mathrm{CH_{3}CHBrCHBrCH_{2}CH_{3}} \] The resulting compound is named 2,3-dibromopentane. Since the bromine atoms were added to the carbons with the double bond, this is an addition reaction.
03

Part (c): Balanced equation for Cl\(_{2}\) and benzene reaction

To write the balanced equation for the reaction of Cl\(_{2}\) with benzene in the presence of FeCl\(_{3}\) as a catalyst, we need to show the substitution of two hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring with chlorine atoms. The balanced equation for the reaction is as follows: \[ \mathrm{C_{6}H_{6}} + 2\mathrm{Cl_{2}} \xrightarrow[]{\mathrm{FeCl_{3}}} \mathrm{C_{6}H_{4}Cl_{2}} + 2\mathrm{HCl} \] The resulting compound is named 1,4-dichlorobenzene or paradichlorobenzene. Since two hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine atoms, this is a substitution reaction.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Describe the intermediate that is thought to form in the addition of a hydrogen halide to an alkene, using cyclohexene as the alkene in your description.

The monoanion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is an intermediate in phosphate metabolism: where \(A=\) adenosine. If the \(\mathrm{p} K_{a}\) for this anion is 7.21 what is the ratio of \(\left[\mathrm{AMP}-\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) to \(\left[\mathrm{AMP}-\mathrm{O}^{2-}\right]\) in blood at \(\mathrm{pH} 7.4\) ?

(a) What is the empirical formula of starch? (b) What is the monomer that forms the basis of the starch polymer? (c) What bond connects the monomer units in starch: amide, acid, ether, ester, or alcohol?

Write the condensed structural formula for each of the following compounds: (a) 2-pentanol, (b) \(1,2\)-propanediol,(c) ethyl acetate, (d) diphenyl ketone, (e) methyl ethyl ether.

(a) Draw the condensed structural formulas for the cis and trans isomers of 2 -pentene. (b) Can cyclopentene exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain. (c) Does 1 -pentyne have enantiomers? Explain.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free