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Chapter 24: Problem 49

Draw the condensed structure of the compounds formed by condensation reactions between (a) benzoic acid and ethanol, (b) ethanoic acid and methylamine, (c) acetic acid and phenol. Name the compound in each case.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) The condensed structure of the product formed by the reaction of benzoic acid and ethanol is C6H5COOCH2CH3, and the name of this compound is ethyl benzoate. (b) The condensed structure of the product formed by the reaction of ethanoic acid and methylamine is CH3CONHCH3, and the name of this compound is N-methylacetamide. (c) The condensed structure of the product formed by the reaction of acetic acid and phenol is CH3COOC6H5, and the name of this compound is phenyl acetate.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Condensation reaction of benzoic acid and ethanol

To find the condensed structure of the product formed in the condensation reaction between benzoic acid and ethanol, first, identify the functional groups present in the reactants and predict the site of the reaction. Benzoic acid has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH), and ethanol has an alcohol functional group (-OH). In a condensation reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, an ester is formed with the elimination of water. Condensed structure of benzoic acid: C6H5COOH Condensed structure of ethanol: CH3CH2OH Now, combine the reactants and eliminate a water molecule (H2O) to form an ester.
02

Condensed structure and name of the product (a)

The condensed structure of the product formed by the reaction of benzoic acid and ethanol is C6H5COOCH2CH3. The name of this compound is ethyl benzoate.
03

(b) Condensation reaction of ethanoic acid and methylamine

To find the condensed structure of the product formed in the condensation reaction between ethanoic acid and methylamine, first identify the functional groups present in the reactants and predict the site of the reaction. Ethanoic acid has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH), and methylamine has an amine functional group (-NH2). In a condensation reaction between a carboxylic acid and an amine, an amide is formed with the elimination of water. Condensed structure of ethanoic acid: CH3COOH Condensed structure of methylamine: CH3NH2 Now, combine the reactants and eliminate a water molecule (H2O) to form an amide.
04

Condensed structure and name of the product (b)

The condensed structure of the product formed by the reaction of ethanoic acid and methylamine is CH3CONHCH3. The name of this compound is N-methylacetamide.
05

(c) Condensation reaction of acetic acid and phenol

To find the condensed structure of the product formed in the condensation reaction between acetic acid and phenol, first identify the functional groups present in the reactants and predict the site of the reaction. Acetic acid has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH), and phenol has an alcohol functional group (-OH). In a condensation reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, an ester is formed with the elimination of water. Condensed structure of acetic acid: CH3COOH Condensed structure of phenol: C6H5OH Now, combine the reactants and eliminate a water molecule (H2O) to form an ester.
06

Condensed structure and name of the product (c)

The condensed structure of the product formed by the reaction of acetic acid and phenol is CH3COOC6H5. The name of this compound is phenyl acetate.

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