Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 3: Problem 32

Without doing any detailed calculations (but using a periodic table to give atomic weights, rank the following samples in order of increasing numbers of atoms: 42 gof NaHCO \(_{3}, 1.5 \mathrm{mol} \mathrm{CO}_{2}, 6.0 \times 10^{24} \mathrm{Ne}\) atoms.

Short Answer

Expert verified
In short, we rank the samples based on increasing number of atoms by first calculating the number of atoms in each sample: NaHCO3 has \(1.805 \times 10^{24}\) atoms, CO2 has \(2.708 \times 10^{24}\) atoms, and Ne has \(6.0 \times 10^{24}\) atoms. Therefore, the ranking is: NaHCO3 < CO2 < Ne.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the number of moles of NaHCO3

To find the number of atoms in the given mass of NaHCO3, first, we need to find the number of moles present. We can use the formula: Number of moles = (Given mass) / (Molar mass) The molar mass of NaHCO3 can be calculated as follow (from the periodic table): Na (1 x 22.99) + H (1 x 1.008) + C (1 x 12.01) + O (3 x 16.00) = 84.01 g/mol Now, we can find the number of moles of NaHCO3 in 42 g: Number of moles = 42 g / 84.01 g/mol = 0.5 mol
02

Calculate the number of atoms in NaHCO3

To find the number of atoms in NaHCO3, we'll use Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) and multiply it by the number of moles. Also, remember that NaHCO3 has 6 atoms in each molecule (Na, H, C, and three O's). Number of atoms in NaHCO3 = 0.5 mol × 6.022 × 10^23 atoms/mol × 6 atoms/molecule = 1.805 × 10^24 atoms
03

Calculate the number of atoms in CO2

We have been given 1.5 moles of CO2, and each molecule of CO2 has 3 atoms (1 C and 2 O). Therefore, we can directly calculate the number of atoms in CO2 by multiplying the given moles, Avogadro's number, and the atoms in each molecule. Number of atoms in CO2 = 1.5 mol × 6.022 × 10^23 atoms/mol × 3 atoms/molecule = 2.708 × 10^24 atoms
04

Compare the number of atoms and rank the samples

Now that we have the number of atoms for all samples, we can compare and rank them: 1. NaHCO3: 1.805 × 10^24 atoms 2. CO2: 2.708 × 10^24 atoms 3. Ne: 6.0 × 10^24 atoms Based on the increasing number of atoms, the order is: NaHCO3 < CO2 < Ne.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Aluminum hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid as follows: $$ 2 \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}(s)+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}(a q)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) $$ Which is the limiting reactant when 0.500 mol \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\) and 0.500 \(\mathrm{mol} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) are allowed to react? How many moles of \(\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}\) can form under these conditions? How many moles of the excess reactant remain after the completion of the reaction?

The combustion of one mole of liquid ethanol, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) , produces 1367 \(\mathrm{kJ}\) of heat. Calculate how much heat is produced when 235.0 \(\mathrm{g}\) of ethanol are combusted.

Valproic acid, used to treat seizures and bipolar disorder, is composed of \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H},\) and \(\mathrm{O} . \mathrm{A}\) . \(165-\mathrm{g}\) sample is combusted to produce 0.166 \(\mathrm{g}\) of water and 0.403 \(\mathrm{g}\) of carbon dioxide. What is the empirical formula for valproic acid? If the molar mass is \(144 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol},\) what is the molecular formula?

At least 25\(\mu \mathrm{g}\) of tetrahydrocannabinol \((\mathrm{THC}),\) the active ingredient in marijuana, is required to produce intoxication. The molecular formula of THC is \(\mathrm{C}_{21} \mathrm{H}_{30} \mathrm{O}_{2} .\) How many moles of THC does this 25\(\mu \mathrm{g}\) represent? How many molecules?

A sample of the male sex hormone testosterone, \(\mathrm{C}_{19} \mathrm{H}_{28} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) , contains \(3.88 \times 10^{21}\) hydrogen atoms. (a) How many atoms of carbon does it contain? (b) How many molecules of testosterone does it contain? (c) How many moles of testosterone does it contain? (d) What is the mass of this sample in grams?
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free