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Chapter 4: Problem 45

True or false: \begin{equation} \begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) If a substance is oxidized, it is gaining electrons. }} \\ {\text { (b) If an ion is oxidized, its oxidation number increases. }}\end{array} \end{equation}

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer based on the step-by-step solution is: Statement (a) is false, as oxidation involves losing electrons, not gaining them. Statement (b) is true, as the oxidation number of an ion increases when it is oxidized due to the loss of electrons.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a): Analyzing the definition of oxidation

Oxidation is the process where a substance loses electrons, while reduction involves the gain of electrons. The phrase "LEO the lion says GER" might help to remember this concept: "Loss of Electrons is Oxidation" and "Gain of Electrons is Reduction." Since the statement claims that a substance gains electrons during oxidation, we need to check if this statement is true or false based on the definition.
02

Answer for Statement (a)

According to the definition, oxidation means losing electrons, not gaining them. Hence, statement (a) is false.
03

Statement (b): Analyzing the definition of oxidation number changes

The oxidation state (or oxidation number) is an indication of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a chemical compound. When an ion is oxidized, it loses electrons, which means that its oxidation number will change. To determine whether the statement is true or false, we need to check if the oxidation number of an ion increases when it is oxidized.
04

Answer for Statement (b)

When an ion loses electrons during oxidation, its oxidation number will indeed increase. Thus, statement (b) is true. #Summary#: Statement (a): False Statement (b): True

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The U.S. standard for arsenate in drinking water requires that public water supplies must contain no greater than 10 parts per billion \((\mathrm{ppb})\) arsenic. If this arsenic is present as arsenate, AsO \(_{4}^{3-},\) what mass of sodium arsenate would be present in a 1.00 -L sample of drinking water that just meets the standard? Parts per billion is defined on a mass basis as $$\mathrm{ppb}=\frac{\text { g solute }}{\mathrm{g} \text { solution }} \times 10^{9}$$

Which of the following ions will always be a spectator ion in a precipitation reaction? (a) \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+},(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{S}^{2}\) , (e) \(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} .\) [Section 4.2\(]\)

True or false: \begin{equation} \begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) Oxidation can occur without oxygen. }} \\ {\text { (b) Oxidation can occur without reduction. }}\end{array} \end{equation}

State whether each of the following statements is true or false. Justify your answer in each case. \begin{equation} \begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) Electrolyte solutions conduct electricity because elec- }} \\ {\text { trons are moving through the solution. }} \\ {\text { (b) If you add a nonelectrolyte to an aqueous solution that }} \\ {\text { already contains an electrolyte, the electrical conduc- }} \\ {\text { tivity will not change. }}\end{array} \end{equation}

(a) Is the concentration of a solution an intensive or an extensive property? (b) What is the difference between 0.50 mol HCl and 0.50\(M \mathrm{HCl}\) ?
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