Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 5: Problem 21

(a) Which of the following cannot leave or enter a closed system: heat, work, or matter? (b) Which cannot leave or enter an isolated system? (c) What do we call the part of the universe that is not part of the system?

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) In a closed system, matter cannot enter or leave the system, but heat and work can be exchanged with the surroundings. (b) In an isolated system, neither matter, heat, nor work can leave or enter the system. (c) The part of the universe that is not part of the system is called the surroundings.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Closed System Definition

A closed system is a system that cannot exchange matter with its surroundings, but it can exchange energy in the form of heat and work.
02

(a) Entities that cannot enter or leave a Closed System

In a closed system, matter cannot enter or leave the system. However, heat and work can be exchanged with the surroundings.
03

(b) Isolated System Definition

An isolated system is a system that cannot exchange energy or matter with its surroundings.
04

(b) Entities that cannot enter or leave an Isolated System

In an isolated system, neither matter, heat, nor work can leave or enter the system.
05

(c) Term for the part of the universe not part of the system

The part of the universe that is not part of the system is called the surroundings.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

For each of the following compounds, write a balanced thermochemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of the compound from its elements in their standard states and then look up \(\Delta H^{\circ} f\) for each substance in Appendix C. (a) \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}(g),(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{SO}_{3}(g),(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{NaBr}(s),(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}(s) .\)

(a) Use enthalpies of formation given in Appendix \(C\) to calculate \(\Delta H\) for the reaction \(B r_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2\) Br \((g),\) and use this value to estimate the bond enthalpy \(D(\mathrm{Br}-\mathrm{Br}) .\) (b) How large is the difference between the value calculated in part (a) and the value given in Table 5.4 ?

Without doing any calculations, predict the sign of \(\Delta H\) for each of the following reactions: $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) } 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}(g)} \\ {\text { (b) } 2 \mathrm{F}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{F}_{2}(g)} \\ {\text { (c) } \mathrm{Mg}^{2+}(g)+2 \mathrm{Cl}^{-}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{MgCl}_{2}(s)} \\ {\text { (d) } \mathrm{HBr}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}(g)+\mathrm{Br}(g)}\end{array}$$

A \(201-\) lb man decides to add to his exercise routine by walking up three flights of stairs \((45 \mathrm{ft}) 20\) times per day. He figures that the work required to increase his potential energy in this way will permit him to eat an extra order of French fries, at 245 Cal, without adding to his weight. Is he correct in this assumption?

For the following processes, calculate the change in internal energy of the system and determine whether the process is endothermic or exothermic: (a) A balloon is cooled by removing 0.655 \(\mathrm{kJ}\) of heat. It shrinks on cooling, and the atmosphere does 382 J of work on the balloon. (b) A 100.0 -g bar of gold is heated from \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to \(50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) during which it absorbs 322 \(\mathrm{J}\) of heat. Assume the volume of the gold bar remains constant.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free