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Chapter 6: Problem 16

Determine which of the following statements are false and correct them. (a) The frequency of radiation increases as the wavelength increases. (b) Electromagnetic radiation travels through a vacuum at a constant speed, regardless of wavelength. (c) Infrared light has higher frequencies than visible light. (d) The glow from a fireplace, the energy within a microwave oven, and a foghorn blast are all forms of electromagnetic radiation.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) False. Corrected statement: As the wavelength of radiation increases, the frequency decreases. (b) True. (c) False. Corrected statement: Infrared light has lower frequencies and longer wavelengths than visible light. (d) Partially true. Corrected statement: The glow from a fireplace, the energy within a microwave oven, and a foghorn blast are all forms of waves, but only the first two are forms of electromagnetic radiation.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a)

The frequency of radiation increases as the wavelength increases. This statement is false because the relationship between frequency and wavelength is inversely proportional. Our corrected statement is: As the wavelength of radiation increases, the frequency decreases.
02

Statement (b)

Electromagnetic radiation travels through a vacuum at a constant speed, regardless of wavelength. This statement is true. In a vacuum, electromagnetic radiation travels at a constant speed (the speed of light, denoted as c), which is approximately 3 x 10^8 m/s. The relationship between wavelength, frequency, and the speed of light is given by: \(c = \lambda \nu\) Where: \(c\) = speed of light (3 x 10^8 m/s) \(\lambda\) = wavelength \(\nu\) = frequency Since the speed of light is constant, the wavelength and frequency can change, but their product will always be the same.
03

Statement (c)

Infrared light has higher frequencies than visible light. This statement is false because infrared light has lower frequencies and longer wavelengths than visible light. The corrected statement is: Infrared light has lower frequencies and longer wavelengths than visible light.
04

Statement (d)

The glow from a fireplace, the energy within a microwave oven, and a foghorn blast are all forms of electromagnetic radiation. This statement is partially true. The glow from a fireplace represents infrared and visible light, which are forms of electromagnetic radiation. The energy within a microwave oven is also a form of electromagnetic radiation. However, a foghorn blast is a sound wave, not electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, the correct statement is: The glow from a fireplace, the energy within a microwave oven, and a foghorn blast are all forms of waves, but only the first two are forms of electromagnetic radiation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

An experiment called the Stern-Gerlach experiment helped establish the existence of electron spin. In this experiment, a beam of silver atoms is passed through a magnetic field, which deflects half of the silver atoms in one direction and half in the opposite direction. The separation between the two beams increases as the strength of the magnetic field increases. (a) What is the electron configuration for a silver atom? (b) Would this experiment work for a beam of cadmium (Cd) atoms? (c) Would this experiment work for a beam of fluorine (F) atoms?

Sketch the shape and orientation of the following types of orbitals: (a) \(s,(\mathbf{b}) p_{z},(\mathbf{c}) d_{x y}\)

(a) Calculate the energy of a photon of electromagnetic radiation whose frequency is \(2.94 \times 10^{14} \mathrm{s}^{-1} .\) (b) Calculate the energy of a photon of radiation whose wavelength is 413 nm. (c) What wavelength of radiation has photons of energy \(6.06 \times 10^{-19} \mathrm{J} ?\)

(a) What are the similarities of and differences between the 1s and 2\(s\) orbitals of the hydrogen atom? (b) In what sense does a 2\(p\) orbital have directional character? Compare the "directional" characteristics of the \(p_{x}\) and \(d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}\) orbitals. (That is, in what direction or region of space is the electron density concentrated? (c) What can you say about the average distance from the nucleus of an electron in a 2 orbital as compared with a 3\(s\) orbital? (d) For the hydrogen atom, list the following orbitals in order of increasing energy (that is, most stable ones first): \(4 f, 6 s, 3 d, 1 s, 2 p .\)

State where in the periodic table these elements appear: $$ \begin{array}{l}{\text { (a) elements with the valence-shell electron configuration }} \\ {n s^{2} n p^{5}} \\ {\text { (b) elements that have three unpaired p electrons }} \\ {\text { (c) an element whose valence electrons are } 4 s^{2} 4 p^{1}} \\ {\text { (d) the } d \text { -block elements [ Section } 6.9 ]}\end{array} $$
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