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Chapter 9: Problem 23

Give the electron-domain and molecular geometries of a molecule that has the following electron domains on its central atom: (a) four bonding domains and no nonbonding domains, (b) three bonding domains and two nonbonding domains, (c) five bonding domains and one nonbonding domain, (d) four bonding domains and two nonbonding domains.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The electron-domain and molecular geometries for the given molecules are as follows: a) Tetrahedral electron-domain geometry and tetrahedral molecular geometry. b) Trigonal bipyramidal electron-domain geometry and T-shaped molecular geometry. c) Octahedral electron-domain geometry and square pyramidal molecular geometry. d) Octahedral electron-domain geometry and square planar molecular geometry.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the electron-domain geometry.

With four bonding domains and no nonbonding domains, the central atom has a total of four electron domains. According to the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry will be tetrahedral.
02

Determine the molecular geometry.

Since all electron domains are bonding domains, the molecular geometry will be the same as the electron-domain geometry. Hence, the molecular geometry is also tetrahedral. #b) Three bonding domains and two nonbonding domains.#
03

Identify the electron-domain geometry.

With three bonding domains and two nonbonding domains, the central atom has a total of five electron domains. According to the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry will be trigonal bipyramidal.
04

Determine the molecular geometry.

As there are two nonbonding electron domains, the molecular geometry will differ from the electron-domain geometry. The nonbonding electron domains will occupy the equatorial positions, while the three bonding domains occupy the remaining positions forming a "T" shape. Hence, the molecular geometry is T-shaped. #c) Five bonding domains and one nonbonding domain.#
05

Identify the electron-domain geometry.

With five bonding domains and one nonbonding domain, the central atom has a total of six electron domains. According to the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry will be octahedral.
06

Determine the molecular geometry.

As there is one nonbonding electron domain, the molecular geometry will differ from the electron-domain geometry. The nonbonding electron domain will occupy one position, while the five bonding domains occupy the remaining positions sharing vertices with the nonbonding domain. The shape formed by the five bonding domains is a square pyramid. Hence, the molecular geometry is square pyramidal. #d) Four bonding domains and two nonbonding domains.#
07

Identify the electron-domain geometry.

With four bonding domains and two nonbonding domains, the central atom has a total of six electron domains. According to the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry will be octahedral.
08

Determine the molecular geometry.

As there are two nonbonding electron domains, the molecular geometry will differ from the electron-domain geometry. These nonbonding electron domains will occupy two positions, while the four bonding domains occupy the remaining positions, forming a square plane. Hence, the molecular geometry is square planar.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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