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Chapter 1: Problem 21

Label each of the following as either a physical process or a (a) crushing a metal can, \((\mathbf{b})\) production chemical process: of urine in the kidneys, \((\mathbf{c})\) melting a piece of chocolate, \((\mathbf{d})\) burning fossil fuel, \((\mathbf{e})\) discharging a battery.

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Crushing a metal can: physical process b) Production of urine in the kidneys: chemical process c) Melting a piece of chocolate: physical process d) Burning fossil fuel: chemical process e) Discharging a battery: chemical process

Step by step solution

01

a) Crushing a metal can

Crushing a metal can is a physical process. When a metal can is crushed, its appearance and shape change, but the metal itself remains the same. No new substances are created during the process of crushing a metal can.
02

b) Production of urine in the kidneys

The production of urine in the kidneys is a chemical process. This is because various substances are filtered from the blood, such as water, salts, and waste products, which then form urine. As new substances are created during this process, this is considered a chemical process.
03

c) Melting a piece of chocolate

Melting chocolate is a physical process. When chocolate melts, it changes from a solid to a liquid state, but the composition of the chocolate remains the same. No new substances are created during the process of melting chocolate.
04

d) Burning fossil fuel

Burning fossil fuel is a chemical process. During combustion, the fossil fuel reacts with oxygen in the air to produce new substances, such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other byproducts. As new substances are created during this process, this is considered a chemical process.
05

e) Discharging a battery

Discharging a battery is a chemical process. As a battery discharges, a chemical reaction occurs inside the battery that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. The substances within the battery change during this reaction, resulting in the formation of new substances.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A \(40-1 b\) container of peat moss measures \(14 \times 20 \times 30\) in. A 40-lb container of topsoil has a volume of 1.9 gal. (a) Calculate the average densities of peat moss and topsoil in units of \(\mathrm{g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). Would it be correct to say that peat moss is "lighter" than topsoil? (b) How many bags of peat moss are needed to cover an area measuring $15.0 \mathrm{ft} \times 20.0 \mathrm{ft}$ to a depth of 3.0 in.?

The U.S. quarter has a mass of \(5.67 \mathrm{~g}\) and is approximately $1.55 \mathrm{~mm}$ thick. (a) How many quarters would have to be stacked to reach \(575 \mathrm{ft}\), the height of the Washington Monument? (b) How much would this stack weigh? (c) How much money would this stack contain? (d) The U.S. National Debt Clock showed the outstanding public debt to be $\$ 16,213,166,914,811\( on October \)28,2012 .$ How many stacks like the one described would be necessary to pay off this debt?

Round each of the following numbers to three significant figures and express the result in standard exponential notation: $(\mathbf{a}) 2048732.23(\mathbf{b}) 0.000292945(\mathbf{c})-82454.09$ (d) \(942.057024(\mathbf{e})-0.00000324683 .\)

(a) What is the mass of a silver cube whose edges measure 2.00 \(\mathrm{cm}\) each at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} ?\) The density of silver is $10.49 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\( at \)25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. (b) The density of aluminum is \(2.70 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). What is the weight of the aluminum foil with an area of \(0.5 \mathrm{~m}^{2}\) and a thickness of \(0.5 \mathrm{~mm} ?\) (c) The density of hexane is \(0.655 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{mL}\) at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C} .\( Calculate the mass of \)1.5 \mathrm{~L}$ of hexane at this temperature.

Give the chemical symbol or name for the following elements, as appropriate: (a) helium, (b) platinum, (c) cobalt, (d) tin, (e) silver, (f) \(\mathrm{Sb},(\mathbf{g}) \mathrm{Pb}\) (h) Br, (i) \(V\), \((\mathbf{j}) \mathrm{Hg}\).
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