A plasma-screen TV contains thousands of tiny cells filled with a mixture of Xe, Ne, and He gases that emits light of specific wavelengths when a voltage is applied. A particular plasma cell, $0.900 \mathrm{~mm} \times 0.300 \mathrm{~mm} \times 10.0 \mathrm{~mm},\( contains \)4 \%$ Xe in a 1: 1 Ne:He mixture at a total pressure of \(66.66 \mathrm{kPa}\). Calculate the number of Xe, Ne, and He atoms in the cell and state the assumptions you need to make in your calculation.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The number of Xe, Ne, and He atoms in the given plasma cell can be calculated using the Ideal Gas Law and partial pressures. First, calculate the volume of the cell: \(V = 2.7 \times 10^{-7} m^3\). Next, find the partial pressures for each gas: \(P_{Xe} = 2.6664 \mathrm{kPa}\), \(P_{Ne} = 32.0008 \mathrm{kPa}\), and \(P_{He} = 32.0008 \mathrm{kPa}\). Then, calculate the number of moles (n) for each gas using the Ideal Gas Law, assuming temperature remains constant throughout the calculation. Finally, use Avogadro's number to convert the number of moles to the number of atoms for each gas. The assumptions made include considering the gases as ideal gases and that the temperature of the gas mixture remains constant.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate the volume of the cell

Given dimensions are \(0.900 \mathrm{~mm} \times 0.300 \mathrm{~mm} \times 10.0 \mathrm{~mm}\). We need to calculate the volume (V) and convert it into the SI unit, which is cubic meters: V = Length × Width × Height V = (0.900 × 10^{-3} m) × (0.300 × 10^{-3} m) × (10 × 10^{-3} m) V = 2.7 × 10^{-7} m^3
02

Calculate the partial pressures

We are given that the total pressure of the gas mixture is \(66.66 \mathrm{kPa}\). In order to calculate the partial pressures of the individual gases, we need to first determine their percentage share in the total pressure: - Xe: 4% of total pressure - Ne: 48% of total pressure (since it's 1:1 ratio with He, and the remaining pressure is split between Ne and He) - He: 48% of total pressure Now, we can calculate the partial pressures for each gas: P_Xe = 0.04 × 66.66 kPa = 2.6664 kPa P_Ne = 0.48 × 66.66 kPa = 32.0008 kPa P_He = 0.48 × 66.66 kPa = 32.0008 kPa
03

Calculate the number of moles

We can now use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles (n) for each gas. Since we don't have the temperature (T) given, we'll assume that temperature remains constant throughout the calculation. PV = nRT, solving for n: n = PV / RT We need to use the gas constant R in the appropriate units, which is \(8.314 \mathrm{J/(mol\cdot K)}\). n_Xe = (2.6664 × 10^3 Pa)(2.7 × 10^{-7} m^3) / (8.314 J/(mol·K) × T) n_Ne = (32.0008 × 10^3 Pa)(2.7 × 10^{-7} m^3) / (8.314 J/(mol·K) × T) n_He = (32.0008 × 10^3 Pa)(2.7 × 10^{-7} m^3) / (8.314 J/(mol·K) × T) We can see that temperature (T) gets cancelled out, so we don't need its value.
04

Calculate the number of atoms

Now, to convert the number of moles to the number of atoms, we can use Avogadro's number (\(N_A = 6.022\times 10^{23}\) atoms/mole): Number of Xe atoms = n_Xe × \(N_A\) Number of Ne atoms = n_Ne × \(N_A\) Number of He atoms = n_He × \(N_A\) With these equations, you can now calculate the number of Xe, Ne, and He atoms in the cell.

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