Chapter 12: Problem 23
Imagine the primitive cubic lattice. Now imagine grabbing the top of it and stretching it straight up. All angles remain \(90^{\circ} .\) What kind of primitive lattice have you made?
Chapter 12: Problem 23
Imagine the primitive cubic lattice. Now imagine grabbing the top of it and stretching it straight up. All angles remain \(90^{\circ} .\) What kind of primitive lattice have you made?
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Get started for freeCalcium crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell at room temperature that has an edge length of \(558.8 \mathrm{pm}\). (a) Calculate the atomic radius of a calcium atom. (b) Calculate the density of Ca metal at this temperature.
In their study of X-ray diffraction, William and Lawrence Bragg determined that the relationship among the wavelength of the radiation \((\lambda),\) the angle at which the radiation is diffracted \((\theta),\) and the distance between planes of atoms in the crystal that cause the diffraction \((d)\) is given by \(n \lambda=2 d \sin \theta . X\) rays from a copper \(X\) -ray tube that have a wavelength of \(154 \mathrm{pm}\) are diffracted at an angle of 14.22 degrees by crystalline silicon. Using the Bragg equation, calculate the distance between the planes of atoms responsible for diffraction in this crystal, assuming \(n=1\) (first-order diffraction).
One method to synthesize ionic solids is by the heating of two reactants at high temperatures. Consider the reaction of \(\mathrm{MgO}\) with \(\mathrm{TiO}_{2}\) to form \(\mathrm{MgTiO}_{3}\). Determine the amount of each of the two reactants to prepare \(3.250 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{MgTiO}_{3}\), assuming the reaction goes to completion. (a) Write a balanced chemical reaction. (b) Calculate the formula weight of \(\mathrm{MgTiO}_{3}\). (c) Determine the moles of \(\mathrm{MgTiO}_{3}\). (d) Determine moles and mass (g) of MgO required. (e) Determine moles and mass (g) of \(\mathrm{TiO}_{2}\) required.
The molecular formula of \(n\) -decane is \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{8} \mathrm{CH}_{3} .\) Decane is not considered a polymer, whereas polyethylene is. What is the distinction?
(a) What molecular features make a polymer flexible? (b) If you cross-link a polymer, is it more flexible or less flexible than it was before?
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