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Chapter 12: Problem 32

For each of these solids, state whether you would expect it to possess metallic properties: (a) \(\mathrm{TiCl}_{4}\) (b) NiCo alloy, (c) W, (d) Ge, (e) ScN.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) TiCl4: No metallic properties, as it is a covalent compound with a molecular crystal lattice structure. (b) NiCo alloy: Yes, it possesses metallic properties due to the metallic lattice structure of the alloy and metallic bonding. (c) W (Tungsten): Yes, it possesses metallic properties due to its crystalline lattice structure and metallic bonding. (d) Ge (Germanium): Not a true metal, but a semiconductor with some metallic properties, such as a shiny appearance. (e) ScN (Scandium Nitride): Does not possess all necessary metallic properties, as it has a NaCl-type crystal structure with ionic and covalent bonding.

Step by step solution

01

(a) TiCl4

(Titanium Tetrachloride) Titanium tetrachloride is a covalent compound formed from a metal (Ti) and a non-metal (Cl). It consists of Ti atoms covalently bonded to four Cl atoms, creating a polar molecule due to the electronegativity difference between Ti and Cl. This compound forms a molecular crystal lattice instead of a metallic lattice. As a result, it does not possess metallic properties.
02

(b) NiCo alloy

(Nickel-Cobalt alloy) NiCo alloy is an alloy made of two metallic elements, Nickel (Ni) and Cobalt (Co). In alloys, the lattice structure consists of two or more metallic elements arranged in an ordered pattern. The metallic bonding, which results from the delocalization of electrons, remains present in alloy structures. Therefore, NiCo alloy displays metallic properties.
03

(c) W

(Tungsten) Tungsten (W) is a pure metallic element found in the d-block of the periodic table. It has a crystalline lattice structure with metallic bonding, and it exhibits high thermal and electrical conductivity. Thus, tungsten possesses metallic properties.
04

(d) Ge

(Germanium) Germanium (Ge) is a metalloid element in the periodic table. It has both metallic and non-metallic properties. Germanium forms a diamond-cubic crystal structure similar to silicon, which is a semiconductor. Although it has some metallic properties, such as a shiny appearance, it is not considered a true metal due to its electrical and thermal conductivity. Instead, Germanium is considered a semiconductor.
05

(e) ScN

(Scandium Nitride) Scandium nitride (ScN) is a compound formed between a metal (Sc) and a non-metal (N). It possesses ionic and covalent bonding characteristics due to the electronegativity difference between Sc and N atoms. ScN forms a NaCl-type crystal structure with alternating Sc and N atoms. While ScN exhibits some metallic-like properties, such as high hardness and thermal conductivity, overall, scandium nitride does not possess all the necessary metallic properties.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calcium crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit cell at room temperature that has an edge length of \(558.8 \mathrm{pm}\). (a) Calculate the atomic radius of a calcium atom. (b) Calculate the density of Ca metal at this temperature.

An ideal quantum dot for use in TVs does not contain any cadmium due to concerns about disposal. One potential material for this purpose is InP, which adopts the zinc blende (ZnS) structure (face-centered cubic). The unit cell edge length is \(586.9 \mathrm{pm} .(\mathbf{a})\) If the quantum dot is shaped like a cube, how many of each type of atom are there in a cubic crystal with an edge length of \(3.00 \mathrm{nm} ? 5.00 \mathrm{nm} ?(\mathbf{b})\) If one of the nanoparticles in part (a) emits blue light and the other emits orange light, which color is emitted by the crystal with the \(3.00-\mathrm{nm}\) edge length? With the \(5.00-\mathrm{nm}\) edge length?

Which type (or types) of crystalline solid is characterized by each of the following? (a) High mobility of electrons throughout the solid; (b) softness, relatively low melting point; (c) high melting point and poor electrical conductivity; \((\mathbf{d})\) network of covalent bonds.

Which element or elements are alloyed with gold to make the following types of "colored gold" used in the jewelry industry? For each type, also indicate what type of alloy is formed: \((\mathbf{a})\) white gold, \((\mathbf{b})\) rose gold, \((\mathbf{c})\) green gold.

For each of the following pairs of semiconductors, which one will have the larger band gap: \((\mathbf{a})\) InP or InAs, \((\mathbf{b})\) Ge or AlP, (c) AgI or CdTe?
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