Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 12: Problem 45

Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (a) Substitutional alloys tend to be more ductile than interstitial alloys. (b) Interstitial alloys tend to form between elements with similar ionic radii. (c) Nonmetallic elements are never found in alloys.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) TRUE: Substitutional alloys tend to be more ductile than interstitial alloys because they cause minimal disturbance to the original lattice structure. (b) FALSE: Interstitial alloys usually form between elements with significant differences in atomic size, not between elements with similar ionic radii. (c) FALSE: Nonmetallic elements can be found in alloys, particularly in interstitial alloys, where small nonmetal atoms can occupy the interstices within the crystal lattice.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a)

Substitutional alloys tend to be more ductile than interstitial alloys. The given statement is TRUE. Explanation: Substitutional alloys are formed when the parent metal atoms are replaced by atoms of a different element, causing minimal disturbance to the original lattice structure. Therefore, they have similar ductility to the base metal. On the other hand, interstitial alloys are formed when atoms of one element are inserted into the interstices (holes) in the lattice structure of the base metal. This causes distortion and creates strain in the lattice, which can decrease ductility.
02

Statement (b)

Interstitial alloys tend to form between elements with similar ionic radii. The given statement is FALSE. Explanation: Interstitial alloys usually form between elements with significant differences in atomic size, where smaller atoms fit into the interstices of the lattice structure of larger atoms. On the other hand, substitutional alloys tend to form between elements with similar ionic radii, as they can more easily replace one another in the crystal lattice without causing significant distortion.
03

Statement (c)

Nonmetallic elements are never found in alloys. The given statement is FALSE. Explanation: Nonmetallic elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus, can be found in alloys, particularly in interstitial alloys, as small nonmetal atoms can occupy the interstices within the crystal lattice. Examples of such alloys include steel (an alloy of iron and carbon) and nitinol (an alloy of nickel and titanium with interstitial nitrogen).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Indicate the type of solid (molecular, metallic, ionic, or covalent-network) for each compound: (a) SiC, (b) \(\mathrm{Ni}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}\) (d) camphor \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{10} \mathrm{H}_{16} \mathrm{O}\right)\), (e) \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\).

If you want to dope GaAs to make a p-type semiconductor with an element to replace As, which element(s) would you pick?

For each of these solids, state whether you would expect it to possess metallic properties: (a) \(\mathrm{TiCl}_{4}\) (b) NiCo alloy, (c) W, (d) Ge, (e) ScN.

Amorphous silica, \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\), has a density of about $2.2 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}$, whereas the density of crystalline quartz, another form of \(\mathrm{SiO}_{2}\), is \(2.65 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\). Which of the following statements is the best explanation for the difference in density? (a) Amorphous silica is a network-covalent solid, but quartz is metallic. (b) Amorphous silica crystallizes in a primitive cubic lattice. (c) Quartz is harder than amorphous silica. (d) Quartz must have a larger unit cell than amorphous silica. (e) The atoms in amorphous silica do not pack as efficiently in three dimensions as compared to the atoms in quartz.

Which of these statements about alloys and intermetallic compounds is false? (a) Bronze is an example of an alloy. (b) "Alloy" is just another word for "a chemical compound of fixed composition that is made of two or more metals." (c) Intermetallics are compounds of two or more metals that have a definite composition and are not considered alloys. (d) If you mix two metals together and, at the atomic level, they separate into two or more different compositional phases, you have created a heterogeneous alloy. (e) Alloys can be formed even if the atoms that comprise them are rather different in size.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free