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Chapter 13: Problem 19

(a) In Equation 13.1, which of the enthalpy terms for dissolving an ionic solid would correspond to the lattice energy? (b) Which energy term in this equation is always exothermic?

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) In Equation 13.1, the lattice energy corresponds to the term \(ΔH_{lattice}\). (b) In this equation, the energy term that is always exothermic is \(ΔH_{hydration}\).

Step by step solution

01

Recognizing the Lattice Energy Term

In the equation, we are given two enthalpy terms. The lattice energy is the energy required to separate the ions in an ionic solid, which occurs when the ionic solid dissolves. This corresponds to \(ΔH_{lattice}\), as it represents the energy needed to break the ionic bonds in the solid lattice.
02

Identifying the Exothermic Energy Term

In the given equation, there are two energy terms: 1. \(ΔH_{lattice}\): the energy required to break the ionic bonds in the solid lattice (endothermic). 2. \(ΔH_{hydration}\): the energy released when the ions are hydrated (surrounded by water molecules), which is always exothermic. Therefore, \(ΔH_{hydration}\) is the energy term that is always exothermic. To sum up the answers to the exercise: (a) The lattice energy corresponds to the term \(ΔH_{lattice}\). (b) The energy term that is always exothermic is \(ΔH_{hydration}\).

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