Write the chemical equation and the \(K_{a}\) expression for the dissociation of each of the following acids in aqueous solution. First show the reaction with \(\mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)\) as a product and then with the hydronium ion: \((\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{HNO}_{2},\) (b) \(\mathrm{ClH}_{2} \mathrm{CCOOH}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) For HNO₂ dissociation with H⁺ as a product: \[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}(aq) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}(aq)\] \(K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}^{+}][\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}]}\) With hydronium ion as a product: \[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}(aq) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}(aq)\] \(K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}][\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}]}\) (b) For ClH₂CCOOH dissociation with H⁺ as a product: \[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}(aq) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}(aq)\] \(K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}^{+}][\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}]}\) With hydronium ion as a product: \[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}(aq) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}(aq)\] \(K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}][\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}]}\)

Step by step solution

01

Writing the chemical equation for HNO₂ dissociation with H⁺ as a product

To write the chemical dissociation reaction for HNO₂ in aqueous solution, we can represent it in the following form: \[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}(aq) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}(aq)\]
02

Writing the chemical equation for HNO₂ dissociation with hydronium ion as a product

For the dissociation reaction of HNO₂ with hydronium ion as a product, we can write the equation as: \[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}(aq) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}(aq)\]
03

Writing the \(K_{a}\) expression for the dissociation of HNO₂

The \(K_{a}\) expression is the equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction of an acid. When the dissociation occurs with \(\mathrm{H}^{+}(aq)\) as a product, the \(K_{a}\) expression for HNO₂ is given by: \[K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}^{+}][\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}]}\] And with the hydronium ion as a product, the expression is: \[K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}][\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{HNO}_{2}]}\]
04

Writing the chemical equation for ClH₂CCOOH dissociation with H⁺ as a product

For the dissociation reaction of ClH₂CCOOH in aqueous solution, we can write the equation as follows: \[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}(aq) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}(aq)\]
05

Writing the chemical equation for ClH₂CCOOH dissociation with hydronium ion as a product

To write the dissociation reaction of ClH₂CCOOH with the hydronium ion as a product, we can represent it in the following form: \[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}(aq) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(l) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(aq) + \mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}(aq)\]
06

Writing the \(K_{a}\) expression for the dissociation of ClH₂CCOOH

The \(K_{a}\) expression is the equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction of an acid. When the dissociation occurs with \(\mathrm{H}^{+}(aq)\) as a product, the \(K_{a}\) expression for ClH₂CCOOH is given by: \[K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}^{+}][\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}]}\] And with the hydronium ion as a product, the expression is: \[K_{a} = \frac{[\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}][\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOO}^{-}]}{[\mathrm{ClH}_{2}\mathrm{CCOOH}]}\]

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Deuterium oxide \(\left(\mathrm{D}_{2} \mathrm{O},\right.\) where \(\mathrm{D}\) is deuterium, the hydrogen- 2 isotope) has an ion-product constant, \(K_{w}\), of \(8.9 \times 10^{-16}\) at \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate \(\left[\mathrm{D}^{+}\right]\) and \(\left[\mathrm{OD}^{-}\right]\) for pure (neutral) \(\mathrm{D}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) at this temperature.

Oxalic acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\) is a diprotic acid. By using data in Appendix \(\mathrm{D}\) as needed, determine whether each of the following statements is true: (a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) can serve as both a Bronsted-Lowry acid and a Brønsted-Lowry base. (b) $\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{2-}\( is the conjugate base of \)\mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{-}$. (c) An aqueous solution of the strong electrolyte \(\mathrm{KHC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) will have \(\mathrm{pH}<7\).

Lactic acid $\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{OH}) \mathrm{COOH}\right)\( has one acidic hydrogen. A \)0.10 \mathrm{M}$ solution of lactic acid has a pH of 2.44. Calculate \(K_{a}\)

Saccharin, a sugar substitute, is a weak acid with \(\mathrm{p} K_{a}=2.32\) at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). It ionizes in aqueous solution as follows: $$ \mathrm{HNC}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{SO}_{3}(a q) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)+\mathrm{NC}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{SO}_{3}^{-}(a q) $$ What is the pH of a \(0.25 \mathrm{M}\) solution of this substance?

Label each of the following as being a strong base, a weak base, or a species with negligible basicity. In each case write the formula of its conjugate acid, and indicate whether the conjugate acid is a strong acid, a weak acid, or a species with negligible acidity: $(\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{F}^{-}(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{Br}^{-}(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{HS}^{-}(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{ClO}_{4}^{-}(\mathbf{e}) \mathrm{HCOO}^{-}$

See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free