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Chapter 18: Problem 2

Molecules in the upper atmosphere tend to contain double and triple bonds rather than single bonds. Suggest an explanation. [Section 18.1]

Short Answer

Expert verified
In conclusion, molecules with double and triple bonds are more prevalent in the upper atmosphere due to their increased stability and strength. These characteristics make them less reactive and more resistant to the harsh conditions in the upper atmosphere, such as intense radiation, low temperatures, and low pressure. This gives multiple-bonded molecules a better chance to exist in such challenging environments compared to molecules with single bonds, which are typically more prone to reactions and less stable.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Bond Characteristics

Single bonds involve one pair of shared electrons between atoms, while double and triple bonds involve two or three electron pairs, respectively. Typically, multiple bonds (double and triple) are shorter, stronger, and more energy-stable compared to single bonds. This difference has implications on the reactivity and stability of molecules.
02

Consider the Upper Atmosphere's Environment

The upper atmosphere faces conditions such as intense UV radiation, extremely low temperatures, and low pressure, making it a challenging environment for molecules to exist. Consequently, molecules with greater stability and resistance to these harsh conditions have a better chance of existing in the upper atmosphere.
03

Relate Bond Types to the Environment

Due to their increased stability and strength, molecules with double and triple bonds are generally less reactive and more resistant to the intense conditions found in the upper atmosphere, such as high-energy radiation. As a result, they are more likely to be prevalent in the upper atmosphere than molecules with single bonds, which are typically more prone to reactions and less stable.
04

Conclude the Explanation

In conclusion, molecules in the upper atmosphere tend to contain double and triple bonds, rather than single bonds, because multiple bonds provide greater stability and resistance to the harsh conditions of the upper atmosphere, such as intense radiation, low temperatures, and low pressure. These characteristics make multiple-bonded molecules more suitable for survival in the extreme environment of the upper atmosphere.

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