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Chapter 18: Problem 55

One of the principles of green chemistry is that it is better to use as few steps as possible in making new chemicals. In what ways does following this rule advance the goals of green chemistry? How does this principle relate to energy efficiency?

Short Answer

Expert verified
By using fewer steps in making new chemicals, green chemistry advances its main goals of reducing waste, conserving energy, and creating safer materials. Simplifying chemical reactions and using fewer steps efficiently and effectively achieves desired products while minimizing waste, hazardous materials use, and resource consumption. This principle is also connected to energy efficiency, as fewer steps result in less energy consumption, shorter processing times, lower operational costs, and ultimately, a more sustainable and greener method for creating chemicals.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Green Chemistry

Green chemistry is a philosophy that encourages the design, development, and implementation of chemical processes and products that are economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable. It seeks to minimize the negative impact on human health and the environment caused by the production and use of chemicals. The main goals of green chemistry are to reduce waste, conserve energy, and create safer materials.
02

The Principle of Fewer Steps in Green Chemistry

One of the principles of green chemistry is that it's better to use as few steps as possible when creating new chemicals. This principle is based on the idea that with more steps in a process, there are greater chances for negative environmental and health impacts, as well as an increased consumption of resources and energy. By simplifying chemical reactions and using fewer steps, we can efficiently and effectively achieve the desired products, while minimizing waste and harmful side effects.
03

Advancing the Goals of Green Chemistry

By using fewer steps in making new chemicals, the goals of green chemistry are advanced in several ways. First, reducing the number of steps helps minimize waste since there are fewer opportunities for waste generation in the process. Secondly, it minimizes the use of hazardous chemicals or materials since less input and intermediate materials are needed. Moreover, fewer steps also mean fewer purification processes, leading to reduced pollution and resource consumption.
04

Connection to Energy Efficiency

Utilizing fewer steps in making new chemicals is inherently related to energy efficiency. With fewer steps, less energy is consumed, as each reaction requires energy input in the form of heat, electricity, or other forms, directly or indirectly. Moreover, fewer steps usually mean shorter processing times, which translates to lower energy consumption and lower operational costs. Therefore, by minimizing the number of steps in chemical processes, we can conserve energy, reduce costs, and contribute to the goals of green chemistry.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Sewage causes removal of oxygen from the fresh water into which the sewage is discharged. For a town with a population of 100,000 people, this effluent causes a daily oxygen depletion of 50.0 g per person. How many liters of water at \(8 \mathrm{ppm} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) are \(50 \%\) depleted of oxygen in a day by the population of this town?

The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) published a reference blood lead level (BLL), which is based on the BLL distribution among children. It is currently \(5 \mu \mathrm{p} / \mathrm{dL} .\) (a) What is the molarity of an aqueous solution with this concentration? (b) Express this concentration in ppb.

Why is the photodissociation of \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) in the atmosphere relatively unimportant compared with the photodissociation of \(\mathrm{O}_{2} ?\)

The average bond enthalpies of the \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{H}\) bonds are \(348 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\) and $413 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$, respectively. (a) What is the maximum wavelength that a photon can possess and still have sufficient energy to break the \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{H}\) and \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) bonds, respectively? (b) Given the fact that \(\mathrm{O}_{2}, \mathrm{~N}_{2},\) and \(\mathrm{O}\) in the upper atmosphere absorb most of the light with wavelengths shorter than $240 \mathrm{nm}$, would you expect the photodissociation of \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}\) and \(\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{H}\) bonds to be significant in the lower atmosphere?

The precipitation of $\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\left(K_{s p}=1.3 \times 10^{-33}\right)$ is sometimes used to purify water. (a) Estimate the pH at which precipitation of \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\) will begin if $5.0 \mathrm{~kg}\( of \)\mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}$ is added to 10,000 L of water. (b) Approximately how many pounds of CaO must be added to the water to achieve this \(\mathrm{pH}\) ?
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