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Chapter 2: Problem 66

Predict whether each of the following compounds is molecular or ionic: $(\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{BI}_{3}(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{N}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3}(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{Zr}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\( (d) \)\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathbf{e})\( \)\mathrm{OsCO}_{3}(\mathbf{f}) \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}(\mathbf{g}) \mathrm{HgS}(\mathbf{h}) \mathrm{IOH}$

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) BI3: Molecular (b) N(CH3)3: Molecular (c) Zr(NO3)2: Ionic (d) N2H4: Molecular (e) OsCO3: Ionic (f) H2SO4: Molecular (g) HgS: Ionic (h) IOH: Molecular

Step by step solution

01

(a) BI3

Boron (B) and Iodine (I) are both non-metals, so the bond between them is covalent. Hence, BI3 is a molecular compound.
02

(b) N(CH3)3

Nitrogen (N) and Carbon (C) are both non-metals, and bonds formed within N(CH3)3 are covalent. Therefore, N(CH3)3 is a molecular compound.
03

(c) Zr(NO3)2

Zirconium (Zr) is a metal, while Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O) are non-metals. Thus, this compound has ionic bonds between its metal and non-metal elements. Therefore, Zr(NO3)2 is an ionic compound.
04

(d) N2H4

Both Nitrogen (N) and Hydrogen (H) are non-metals. Therefore, the bonds within N2H4 are covalent, making N2H4 a molecular compound.
05

(e) OsCO3

Osmium (Os) is a metal, while Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) are non-metals. This compound has ionic bonds between its metal and non-metal elements. Hence, OsCO3 is an ionic compound.
06

(f) H2SO4

Hydrogen (H), Sulfur (S), and Oxygen (O) are all non-metals. Consequently, the bonds within H2SO4 are covalent, making H2SO4 a molecular compound.
07

(g) HgS

Mercury (Hg) is a metal, and Sulfur (S) is a non-metal. HgS has an ionic bond between its metal and non-metal elements, making HgS an ionic compound.
08

(h) IOH

Iodine (I) and Hydrogen (H) are non-metals, and Oxygen (O) is also a non-metal. The bonds between these elements in IOH are covalent. Hence, IOH is a molecular compound.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The U.S. Mint produces a dollar coin called the American Silver Eagle that is made of nearly pure silver. This coin has a diameter of \(41 \mathrm{~mm}\) and a thickness of \(2.5 \mathrm{~mm}\). The density and approximate market price of silver are \(10.5 \mathrm{~g} / \mathrm{cm}^{3}\) and \(\$ 0.51\) per gram, respectively. Calculate the value of the silver in the coin, assuming its thickness is uniform.

Carbonic acid occurs in carbonated beverages. When allowed to react with lithium hydroxide, it produces lithium carbonate. Lithium carbonate is used to treat depression and bipolar disorder. Write chemical formulas for carbonic acid, lithium hydroxide, and lithium carbonate.

Write the chemical formula for each substance mentioned in the following word descriptions (use the front inside cover to find the symbols for the elements you do not know). (a) Zinc carbonate can be heated to form zinc oxide and carbon dioxide. (b) On treatment with hydrofluoric acid, silicon dioxide forms silicon tetrafluoride and water. (c) Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid. (d) The substance phosphorus trihydride, commonly called phosphine, is a toxic gas. (e) Perchloric acid reacts with cadmium to form cadmium(II) perchlorate. (f) Vanadium(III) bromide is a colored solid.

From the following list of elements $-\mathrm{Mg}, \mathrm{Li}, \mathrm{T}, \mathrm{Pb}, \mathrm{Se}, \mathrm{Cl}, \mathrm{Xe}, \mathrm{Si},$ C-pick the one that best fits each description. Use each element only once: (a) an alkali metal, \((\mathbf{b})\) an alkaline earth metal, \((\mathbf{c})\) a noble gas, (d) a halogen, \((\mathbf{e})\) a metalloidin group \(14,(\mathbf{f})\) a nonmetal listed in group \(14,(\mathbf{g})\) a metal that forms a \(3+\) ion, \((\mathbf{h})\) a nonmetal that forms a 2 - ion, (i) an element that is used as radiation shielding.

The element chromium (Cr) consists of four naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses 49.9460,51.9405,52.9407 , and \(53.9389 \mathrm{u}\). The relative abundances of these four isotopes are \(4.3,83.8,9.5,\) and \(2.4 \%\), respectively. From these data, calculate the atomic weight of chromium.
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