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Chapter 2: Problem 76

Provide the name or chemical formula, as appropriate, for each of the following acids: (a) hydroiodic acid, (b) chloric acid, \((\mathbf{c})\) nitrous acid, $(\mathbf{d}) \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3},(\mathbf{e}) \mathrm{HClO}_{4},\( (f) \)\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}$.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) \(HI\), (b) \(HClO_3\), (c) \(HNO_2\), (d) Carbonic acid, (e) Perchloric acid, (f) Acetic acid.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Hydroiodic acid

For hydroiodic acid, the name itself gives us the information about the elements present in the acid. "Hydro" refers to hydrogen and "iodic" refers to iodine. So, hydroiodic acid contains hydrogen and iodine ions. The chemical formula for hydroiodic acid is \(HI\).
02

(b) Chloric acid

Chloric acid contains hydrogen, chlorine, and oxygen. The term "chloric" indicates the presence of an oxyanion of chlorine, which is chlorate (\(ClO_3^-\)). To form an acid, it needs to bond with hydrogen, resulting in the chemical formula of \(HClO_3\).
03

(c) Nitrous acid

Nitrous acid contains hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. The term "nitrous" indicates the presence of an oxyanion of nitrogen, which is nitrite (\(NO_2^-\)). To form an acid, it needs to bond with hydrogen, resulting in the chemical formula of \(HNO_2\).
04

(d) H₂CO₃

For the chemical formula \(H_2CO_3\), it contains hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. In this case, the anion is carbonate (\(CO_3^{2-}\)). The presence of two hydrogen atoms neutralizes the -2 charge of carbonate ion, forming the acid. The name of the acid is carbonic acid.
05

(e) HClO₄

For the chemical formula \(HClO_4\), it contains hydrogen, chlorine, and oxygen. In this case, the anion is perchlorate (\(ClO_4^-\)). The hydrogen atom neutralizes the -1 charge of perchlorate ion, forming the acid. The name of the acid is perchloric acid.
06

(f) CH₃COOH

For the chemical formula \(CH_3COOH\), it contains hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. The anion in this formula is the acetate ion (\(CH_3COO^-\)). The hydrogen atom on the right side of the formula neutralizes the -1 charge of acetate ion, forming the acid. The name of the acid is acetic acid.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Name each of the following chlorides. Assuming that the compounds are ionic, what charge is associated with the metallic element in each case? (a) $\mathrm{AgCl},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{TiCl}_{4},(\mathbf{c}) \operatorname{Ir} \mathrm{C} 1_{3},\( (d) \)\mathrm{LiCl}$.

(a) Define atomic number and mass number. (b) Which of these can vary without changing the identity of the element?

Draw the structural formulas for four structural isomers of $\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{9} \mathrm{Br} .$

Carbonic acid occurs in carbonated beverages. When allowed to react with lithium hydroxide, it produces lithium carbonate. Lithium carbonate is used to treat depression and bipolar disorder. Write chemical formulas for carbonic acid, lithium hydroxide, and lithium carbonate.

Give the chemical names of each of the following familiar compounds: (a) \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) (table salt), (b) \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) (baking soda), (c) NaOCl (in many bleaches),(d) \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) (caustic soda), (e) \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) (smelling salts), (f) \(\mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) (plaster of Paris).
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