Chapter 20: Problem 82
(a) What is the difference between a battery and a fuel cell? (b) Can the "fuel" of a fuel cell be a solid?
Chapter 20: Problem 82
(a) What is the difference between a battery and a fuel cell? (b) Can the "fuel" of a fuel cell be a solid?
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Get started for free(a) What is meant by the term oxidation? (b) On which side of an oxidation half-reaction do the electrons appear? (c) What is meant by the term oxidant? (d) What is meant by the term oxidizing agent?
Consider a redox reaction for which \(E^{\circ}\) is a negative number. (a) What is the sign of \(\Delta G^{\circ}\) for the reaction? (b) Will the equilibrium constant for the reaction be larger or smaller than \(1 ?\) (c) Can an electrochemical cell based on this reaction accomplish work on its surroundings?
A voltaic cell is constructed with two \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}-\mathrm{Cu}\) electrodes. The two half-cells have $\left[\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\right]=0.100 \mathrm{M}\( and \)\left[\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\right]=1.00 \times 10^{-4} \mathrm{M}$, respectively. (a) Which electrode is the cathode of the cell? (b) What is the standard emf of the cell? (c) What is the cell emf for the concentrations given? (d) For each electrode, predict whether \(\left[\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\right]\) will increase, decrease, or stay the same as the cell operates.
The capacity of batteries such as a lithium-ion battery is expressed in units of milliamp-hours (mAh). A typical battery of this type yields a nominal capacity of \(2000 \mathrm{mAh}\). (a) What quantity of interest to the consumer is being expressed by the units of \(\mathrm{mAh}\) ? (b) The starting voltage of a fresh lithium-ion battery is \(3.60 \mathrm{~V}\). The voltage decreases during discharge and is \(3.20 \mathrm{~V}\) when the battery has delivered its rated capacity. If we assume that the voltage declines linearly as current is withdrawn, estimate the total maximum electrical work the battery could perform during discharge.
A voltaic cell is constructed that uses the following reaction and operates at \(298 \mathrm{~K}\) : $$ \mathrm{Zn}(s)+\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{Zn}^{2+}(a q)+\mathrm{Ni}(s) $$ (a) What is the emf of this cell under standard conditions? (b) What is the emf of this cell when $\left[\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}\right]=3.00 \mathrm{M}\( and \)\left[\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}\right]=0.100 \mathrm{M} ?(\mathbf{c})$ What is the emf of the cell when \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}\right]=0.200 M\) and \(\left[\mathrm{Zn}^{2+}\right]=0.900 \mathrm{M} ?\)
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