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Chapter 21: Problem 68

Which are not classified as ionizing radiation: gamma rays, beta particles, radio waves used in radio and television, and infrared radiation from sun?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Radio waves used in radio and television and infrared radiation from the sun are not classified as ionizing radiation, as they do not have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and create ions.

Step by step solution

01

1. Gamma Rays

Gamma rays are high-energy photons emitted by radioactive nuclei. They have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and create ions, so gamma rays are considered ionizing radiation.
02

2. Beta Particles

Beta particles are high-energy electrons or positrons emitted by radioactive decay of certain atoms. They also have enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and create ions, so beta particles are considered ionizing radiation.
03

3. Radio Waves

Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than infrared light. They are commonly used in radio and television broadcasting. Radio waves have much lower energy than ionizing radiation and cannot remove electrons from atoms to create ions. Therefore, radio waves are not considered ionizing radiation.
04

4. Infrared Radiation from the Sun

Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between visible light and microwave radiation. It comes from various sources, including the sun. Infrared radiation has lower energy than ionizing radiation and cannot remove electrons from atoms to create ions. Hence, infrared radiation is not considered ionizing radiation. In conclusion, among the given options, radio waves used in radio and television and infrared radiation from the sun are not classified as ionizing radiation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Each statement that follows refers to a comparison between two radioisotopes, \(A\) and \(X .\) Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. (a) If the half-life for \(\mathrm{A}\) is shorter than the half-life for \(\mathrm{X}, \mathrm{A}\) has a larger decay rate constant. (b) If \(X\) is "not radioactive," its half-life is essentially zero. (c) If A has a half-life of 10 yr, and \(X\) has a half-life of $10,000 \mathrm{yr}$, A would be a more suitable radioisotope to measure processes occurring on the 40 -yr time scale.

It takes 180 minutes for a 200 -mg sample of an unknown radioactive substance to decay to \(112 \mathrm{mg}\). What is the halflife of this substance?

Indicate the number of protons and neutrons in the following nuclei: $(\mathbf{a}){ }^{239} \mathrm{Pu},(\mathbf{b}){ }^{142} \mathrm{Ba},(\mathbf{c})\( potassium- \)41 .$.

Write balanced nuclear equations for the following transformations: (a) polonium-210 emits alpha particle; (b) neptunium-235 undergoes electron capture; (c) fluorine-18 emits beta particle; (d) carbon-14 decays by beta emission.

In 1930 the American physicist Ernest Lawrence designed the first cyclotron in Berkeley, California. In 1937 Lawrence bombarded a molybdenum target with deuterium ions, producing for the first time an element not found in nature. What was this element? Starting with molybdenum-96 as your reactant, write a nuclear equation to represent this process.
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