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Chapter 22: Problem 25

Identify the following hydrides as ionic, metallic, or molecular: $(\mathbf{a}) \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S},(\mathbf{b}) \mathrm{LiH},(\mathbf{c}) \mathrm{VH}_{0.56}$.

Short Answer

Expert verified
H2S is a molecular hydride due to covalent bonding between non-metal elements. LiH is an ionic hydride due to ionic bonding between a metal (lithium) and a non-metal (hydrogen). VH0.56 is a metallic hydride, as it is a transition metal alloy containing vanadium and hydrogen.

Step by step solution

01

Examine element properties and electronegativity difference for H2S

First, examine hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Hydrogen has an electronegativity value of 2.20, and sulfur has an electronegativity value of 2.58. The element sulfur is a non-metal that bonds covalently with hydrogen, so the resulting hydride will be molecular.
02

Determine the hydride type for H2S

Taking into account that H2S is formed through covalent bonding, it will be classified as a molecular hydride.
03

Examine element properties and electronegativity difference for LiH

Next, examine lithium hydride (LiH). Lithium has an electronegativity of 0.98 and hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.20. Lithium is a metal, which usually forms ionic bonds when reacted with non-metals like hydrogen. Their electronegativity difference is relatively large compared to that of H2S, which supports the formation of an ionic bond.
04

Determine the hydride type for LiH

Taking into account that LiH is formed through ionic bonding, it will be classified as an ionic hydride.
05

Examine element properties for VH0.56

Lastly, examine vanadium hydride (VH0.56). Vanadium is a transition metal. To classify the compound as either ionic or metallic, we have to consider that vanadium hydride is a transition metal alloy and not necessarily a true chemical compound. Since hydrogen is a non-metal, it's difficult to consider this as a purely metallic or ionic bond.
06

Determine the hydride type for VH0.56

Taking into account the properties of vanadium and hydrogen, and considering that VH0.56 is a transition metal alloy, it will be classified as a metallic hydride. To summarize, H2S is a molecular hydride, LiH is an ionic hydride, and VH0.56 is a metallic hydride.

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